Articles with the keyword: 
piggy submitted, created time 10 hours 39 minutes (www.eurekalert.org)
The enzyme machine that translates a cell's DNA code into the proteins of life is nothing if not an editorial perfectionist.
Johns Hopkins researchers, reporting this week in Nature, have discovered a new proofreading step during which the suite of translational tools called the ribosome recognizes errors, just after making them, and definitively responds by hitting its version of a delete button 
Case Western Reserve finds mechanism underlying alt. splicing of premessenger RNA into messenger RNA
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 6 days (www.eurekalert.org)
An international research team led by Tim Nilsen, Ph.D., a professor of medicine and biochemistry and the director of the School of Medicine's Center for RNA Molecular Biology, has discovered an unexpected mechanism governing alternative splicing, the process by which single genes produce different proteins in different situations
Krumlauf Lab demonstrates modulation of gene expression by protein coding regions
piggy submitted, created time 2 weeks 1 day (www.eurekalert.org)
A research team at the Stowers Institute has discovered how the expression of one of the Hox master control genes is regulated in a specific segment of the developing brain. The findings provide important insight into how and where the brain develops some of its unique and important structures.
The findings were posted to the online Early Edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science today
Proteins that read DNA backwards
piggy submitted, created time 1 month 1 day (www.nature.com)
Some enzymes transcribe DNA in the "wrong" direction, creating puzzling RNAs.
Over the past decade, biologists have learned to credit RNA with more respect than it once garnered. Previously thought of simply as a chemical intermediate between DNA and protein, a host of RNA oddities that can switch genes off and on has revised that view.
Now, a suite of papers published in Science this week promises to add still more complexity by revealing several new classes of peculiar RNA molecules, many of which are created when proteins read DNA backwards
Biologists Discover Motor Protein That Rewinds DNA
piggy submitted, created time 2 months 6 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
ScienceDaily (Nov. 2, 2008) — Two biologists at the University of California, San Diego have discovered the first of a new class of cellular motor proteins that “rewind” sections of the double-stranded DNA molecule that become unwound, like the tangled ribbons from a cassette tape, in “bubbles” that prevent critical genes from being expressed.
“When your DNA gets stuck in the unwound position, your cells are in big trouble, and in humans, that ultimately leads to death” said Jim Kadonaga, a professor of biology at UCSD who headed the study
The mechanics of translocation
jerry submitted, created time 7 months 6 days (www.sciencedirect.com)
Stepwise addition of amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain requires the coordinated movement of mRNA and tRNAs through the ribosome, a process known as translocation. Researchers review current understanding of the kinetics and mechanics of translocation, with emphasis on the structure of a functional mammalian ribosome stalled during translocation by an mRNA pseudoknot.
captainclaw submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.biomedcentral.com)
"This analysis allowed us to identify genes implicated in cellular quiescence and the cytokines and cytotoxic factors ready for immediate immune response. It also allowed us to observe the sequential immunostimulatory effects of IL2 on NK cells improving our understanding of the biology and molecular mediators behind NK cell activation."
Sickle cell disease: old discoveries, new concepts, and future promise
medal submitted, created time 1 year 8 months (www.jci.org)
"The discovery of the molecular basis of sickle cell disease was an important landmark in molecular medicine. The modern tools of molecular and cellular biology have refined our understanding of its pathophysiology and facilitated the development of new therapies. In this review, we discuss some of the important advances in this field and the impediments that limit the impact of these advances. "
Molecular imaging with targeted contrast ultrasound
medal submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.sciencedirect.com)
"Molecular imaging with contrast ultrasound relies on the detection of targeted microbubbles or other acoustically active nanoparticles. These microbubbles are retained in diseased tissue where they produce an acoustic signal because of their resonant properties in the ultrasound field. Targeting is accomplished either through manipulating the chemical properties of the microbubble shell or through conjugation of disease-specific ligands for the targeted molecule to the microbubble surface."
What would be happen for losing of -tubulin polyglutamylation in ROSA22 mice ?
angelfish submitted, created time 1 year 10 months (www.pnas.org)
“Microtubules function as molecular tracks along which motor proteins transport a variety of cargo to discrete destinations within the cell. The carboxyl termini of - and -tubulin can undergo different posttranslational modifications, including polyglutamylation, which is particularly abundant within the mammalian nervous system. Thus, this modification could serve as a molecular "traffic sign" for motor proteins in neuronal cells
Cyclin D1 expression in mesenchymal cells
crackpot submitted, created time 1 year 10 months (www.jcb.org)
"High molecular weight (HMW) hyaluronan (HA) is widely distributed in the extracellular matrix, but its biological activities remain incompletely understood. We previously reported that HMW-HA binding to CD44 antagonizes mitogen-induced S-phase entry in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs; Cuff, C.A., D. Kothapalli, I. Azonobi, S. Chun, Y. Zhang, R. Belkin, C. Yeh, A. Secreto, R.K. Assoian, D.J. Rader, and E. Puré. 2001. J. Clin. Invest. 108:1031–1040); we now characterize the underlying molecular mechanism and document its relevance in vivo
angelfish submitted, created time 1 year 11 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
Obesity, whether in mice or humans, is the product of an altered balance between energy intake and energy use. Using a variety of genetic, diet and hormone techniques, U-M researchers were able to show that the action of SH2B1 regulates body weight, a single protein in brain cells may act as a linchpin in the body's weight-regulating system, playing a key role in the flurry of signals that govern fat storage, sugar use, energy balance and weight.
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