Articles with the keyword: 
New Therapy Could Transform Arthritis Treatment
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 days 21 hours (health.msn.com)
New understanding about how to control autoimmune responses offers promise in efforts to develop treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), British researchers say. 
Rheumatoid Arthritis Breakthrough
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 1 day (www.sciencedaily.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a painful, inflammatory type of arthritis that occurs when the body's immune system attacks itself. A new article reports a breakthrough in the understanding of how autoimmune responses can be controlled, offering a promising new strategy for therapy development for rheumatoid arthritis.
Normally, immune cells develop to recognise foreign material – antigens; including bacteria - so that they can activate a response against them. Immune cells that would respond to 'self' and therefore attack the body's own cells are usually destroyed during development
Drug restores speech in Alzheimer's but experts worry
sea-maid submitted, created time 4 months 19 hours (news.yahoo.com)
Alzheimer's patients given a popular rheumatoid arthritis drug showed seemingly dramatic improvements in a small study, but some doctors worried that the early findings will raise premature hopes in patients and their families
Cellular Islet Autoimmunity and Islet Cell Transplantation
jerry submitted, created time 4 months 2 weeks (www.plosone.org)
Islet cell transplantation can cure type 1 diabetes (T1D), but only a minority of recipients remains insulin–independent in the following years. They tested the hypothesis that allograft rejection and recurrent autoimmunity contribute to this progressive loss of islet allograft function.
Methodology/Principal Findings:
Twenty-one T1D patients received cultured islet cell grafts prepared from multiple donors and transplanted under anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) induction and tacrolimus plus mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) maintenance immunosuppression
Interferon-Beta: Mode of Action in EAE
jerry submitted, created time 5 months 3 weeks (www.immunity.com)
Interferon-β (IFN-β) is widely used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of how it suppresses autoimmunity in the central nervous system is unknown. Researchers find that IFN-β in the brain acts primarily on myeloid cells such as macrophages and microglia to suppress inflammation by blocking several important functions
Clearing the Air over Asbestos
davidd submitted, created time 7 months 1 week (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
Researchers may have cracked the mystery of how asbestos causes life-threatening lung damage and cancer. A new study shows that the material triggers key immune system proteins that set off chronic inflammation. As a result, a commonly used arthritis drug might ward off the lung problems induced by exposure.
IgG glycan hydrolysis by a bacterial enzyme as a therapy against autoimmune conditions
davidd submitted, created time 8 months 3 days (www.pnas.org)
EndoS from Streptococcus pyogenes efficiently hydrolyzes the functionally important and conserved N-linked glycan of IgG in human blood. Repeated i.v. administration of EndoS in rabbits completely hydrolyzes the glycans of the whole IgG pool, despite the generation of anti-EndoS antibodies. EndoS administration had no apparent effects on the health of the animals
Nerve disease afflicts pork workers in Minnesota
Darkfrog submitted, created time 9 months 2 weeks (www.nytimes.com)
The main appeal of this article is the way in which Mayo clinic investigators narrow down the possibilities to a single likely source. The workers in question have suffered nerve damage that causes fatigue, pain, tingling and numbness. Nurses at a local hospital made the connection after four people from the local meatpacking plant came in complaining of "heavy legs."
Ulcerative colitis and autoimmunity induced by loss of myeloid v integrins
bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.pnas.org)
The gastrointestinal tract is constantly challenged by foreign antigens and commensal bacteria but nonetheless is able to maintain a state of immunological quiescence. Recent advances have highlighted the importance of active suppression by regulatory lymphocytes and immunosuppressive cytokines in controlling mucosal immunity.
jiangyun submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.pnas.org)
CTLA-4-deficient mice develop a lethal autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder that is strictly dependent on in vivo CD28 costimulation. Nevertheless, it is not known whether there is a specific site on the CD28 molecule that is required for induction of autoimmunity
Differentiation and function of Th17 T cells
athena submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.sciencedirect.com)
"IL-17-producing T cells have recently been classified as a new effector T-cell subset, termed Th17, which is distinct from Th1, Th2 and Treg subsets. There has been much progress in the past year, leading to identification of the molecular mechanisms that drive differentiation of Th17 T cells. This has helped to clarify many aspects of their role in host defense as well as in autoimmunity. Nevertheless, many intriguing questions remain to be answered regarding the regulation of Th17-mediated responses as well as their interactions with the other T-cell subsets
diggman submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (www.pnas.org)
Clonal deviation is a mechanism by which immature thymocytes expressing a self-reactive T cell antigen receptor (TCR) are rescued from clonal deletion by adopting an alternative differentiation pathway resistant to apoptosis. Here, the scientists confirm and generalize previous indications that genetic alleles in NOD mice condition ineffective clonal deviation toward the CD8{alpha}{alpha} lineage, a peculiar population of TCR{alpha}{beta} lymphocytes that electively colonizes the intraepithelial lymphocyte pool in the gut.
daphne submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (www.pnas.org)
Polygenic autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, functionally important genetic polymorphisms conferring susceptibility to SLE have been identified, but the evolutionary pressures driving their retention in the gene pool remain elusive. A defunctioning, SLE-associated polymorphism of the inhibitory receptor Fc{gamma}RIIb is found at an increased frequency in African and Asian populations, broadly corresponding to areas where malaria is endemic
Structural basis for PRYSPRY-mediated tripartite motif (TRIM) protein function
Luneetty submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (www.pnas.org)
The human tripartite motif (TRIM) family comprises 70 members, including HIV restriction factor TRIM5{alpha} and disease-associated proteins TRIM20 (pyrin) and TRIM21. TRIM proteins have conserved domain architecture but diverse cellular roles. Here, we describe how the C-terminal PRYSPRY domain mediates diverse TRIM functions. The crystal structure of TRIM21 PRYSPRY in complex with its target IgG Fc reveals a canonical binding interface comprised of two discrete pockets formed by antibody-like variable loops
fiona submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (www.sciencedirect.com)
"CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells have emerged as important regulators of immune responses but the mechanisms through which Treg cells mediate suppression are still unclear. "
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