Articles with the keyword: 
The New Epigenetics: Poor Nutrition in the Womb Causes Permanent Genetic Changes in Offspring
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 5 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
The new science of epigenetics explains how genes can be modified by environment. One prime result of epigenetic inquiry has just been published online in The FASEB Journal: You are what your mother did not eat during pregnancy.
In this report, scientists from the University of Utah show that rat fetuses receiving poor nutrition in the womb become genetically primed to be born into an environment lacking proper nutrition. 
Gene Linked to Deadly Disorder in Newborns Identified
piggy submitted, created time 11 months 1 week (www.sciencedaily.com)
After twelve years of searching, UCLA scientists have tracked down the first known gene mutation responsible for a heartbreaking disorder that kills newborn babies. Published in the April 1 online edition of the American Journal of Human Genetics, their findings will allow for earlier testing of embryos at risk for the disease.
Many things go awry in short-rib polydactyly syndrome. The fetus develops extra fingers and toes and its skeleton doesn't grow, resulting in stunted ribs that prevent the lungs from maturing in the womb
Slightly more girls born to parents in the tropics than to parents in other places
Darkfrog submitted, created time 11 months 1 week (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
The first global study on human sex ratios reveals that parents are slightly more likely to give birth to female children at tropical latitudes. Researchers have been collecting data for this study for ten years.
The worldwide average is 105 boys for every hundred girls, but this varies a great deal by continent and even by country. In the tropics, the average percentage of male births drops to only 51.1%.
The article takes into account latitude, average temperature and day length, the last of which seems to be most important
Bad Oral Hygiene Can Lead to Complications in Pregnancy and Problems for Babies
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 2 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Bacteria from a mother's mouth can be transmitted through the blood and amniotic fluid in the womb to her unborn child. This could contribute to the risk of a premature delivery, a low birth-weight baby, premature onset of contractions, or infection of the newborn child.
Umbilical Cord Protein Analysis Detects Early Onset Infections
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.sciencedaily.com)
Yale School of Medicine researchers have identified proteins associated with early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS), a stealthy bacterial infection linked to premature birth, illness and death. Using protein analysis, the researchers have found the biomarkers that can provide key information on how EONS develops
Infants Draw on Past to Interpret Present, Understand Other People's Behavior
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.sciencedaily.com)
The old real estate maxim "location, location, location" also plays a role in how infants learn to understand the ambiguous actions and behavior of other people.
University of Washington psychologists have learned that ten-month-old infants use their prior exposure and understanding of familiar actions by a person to unravel novel actions. However, this ability is limited by the location in which the new action is performed.
"Infants' understanding of and exposure to familiar actions can boost their understanding of ambiguous action sequences
Infertility takes a new hit with array comparative genomic hybridization
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.nature.com)
At present, only about 24% of IVF attempts result in a live birth. A new technique called array comparative genomic hybridization, or rapid egg screening, may boost the success rate of in vitro fertilization by identifying the eggs most likely to develop into viable embryos without first freezing said eggs so that slow test results can come back.
In women of all ages, many ova are defective, lacking parts of some chromosomes or containing extra pieces of others. In natural conceptions, these eggs, fertilized or otherwise, are often eliminated before the woman knows she was ever pregnant
Babies delivered by C-section before 39 weeks more likely to have serious health problems
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (uncnews.unc.edu)
A new study has found that babies delivered by elective Caesarean section before thirty-nine weeks of pregnancy, to mothers who previously had an elective C-section, are much more likely to have serious health problems than newborns delivered under the same circumstances at thirty-nine weeks.
Brain Birth Defects Successfully Reversed Through Stem Cell Therapy
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
Scientists at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have succeeded in reversing brain birth defects in animal models, using stem cells to replace defective brain cells.
The work of Prof. Joseph Yanai and his associates at the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School was presented at the Tel Aviv Stem Cells Conference last spring and is expected to be presented and published nest year at the seventh annual meeting of the International Society for Stem Cell Research in Barcelona, Spain.
Involved in the project with Prof. Yanai are Prof
Food and Drug Administration does a double-take on bisphenol A
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.nytimes.com)
Back in August, the FDA declared that bisphenol A, a substance found in many different kinds of plastics (including baby bottles) was safe for use in products that touch human food and drink. However, this decision is now being reexamined. Bisphenol A can potentially mimic estrogen in the human body and it may be connected to heart and liver disease.
Even with the doubts over whether BPA is truly harmful, several manufacturers have begun to make and advertise baby bottles and other products as BPA-free.
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Multiple Doses of Steroids Don't Help Preemies
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (health.yahoo.com)
Pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery who are given multiple doses of steroids to help their fetus tend to give birth to low birth-weight babies with smaller head circumference, a new study found.
One person's wreck is another person's low-tech solution
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 year 3 months (www.nytimes.com)
Many of us have become disillusioned with traditional recycling, but I've got to love this one.
This is a neonatal incubator made out of car parts. The headlights become a heater. The fans control climate. Even the alarm is reused. In the United States, this would be a curiosity, but in the developing world, it could help health care workers avoid thousands of preventable infant deaths. Each incubator can be built for under $1000 (standard incubators cost forty times that).
But there isn't actually a serious incubator shortage in the developing world
Scientists show gene mutation may cause immature lungs in newborns
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 3 months (www.genengnews.com)
Scientists have identified a gene critical to lung maturation in newborns and the production of surfactant, which lines lung tissues and prevents the lungs from collapsing
Aggressive Phototherapy No Bonus for the Tiniest Babies
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 4 months (www.medpagetoday.com)
HOUSTON, Oct. 29 -- For infants weighing 1,000 g or less, aggressive phototherapy was no better at reducing death rates or neurodevelopmental impairment than conservative treatment, a randomized trial found.
Aggressive treatment was effective in reducing neurodevelopmental impairment alone, but a subgroup analysis suggested that this benefit may have been offset by a tendency toward an increase in mortality among infants weighing only 501 g to 750 g at birth, said Jon E. Tyson, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of Texas, and colleagues
Genetic technology used to comb mother's blood for fetal DNA
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.nature.com)
A blood test that uses next-generation sequencing technology that can identify tiny amounts of fetal DNA floating around in the mother's blood could one day replace more invasive methods as a prenatal test for Down's syndrome and other chromosomal disorders, researchers say.
At present, the two means of pre-natal testing for Down's syndrome, amniocentesis and chorionic villi sampling, both carry a slight risk of miscarriage.
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