Articles with the keyword: 
Plant Biologists Discover Gene That Switches On "Essence of Male"
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
Biologists at the University of Leicester have published results of a new study into plant sex--and discovered that a particular gene switches on "the essence of male." The study takes to a new level understanding of the genes needed for successful plant reproduction and seed production.
Unlike animal cells, in which the female body nourishes the growing embryo, plant species require two sperm cells for fertilization--one provides genetic material and the other develops into the nutrient-rich endosperm. 
Scientists grow diabetes drug in tobacco plants
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.reuters.com)
Scientists have found a healthy use for tobacco after breeding genetically modified plants containing interleukin 10, which could interfere with the progression of type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune conditions.
The process of growing medicines through genetically modified plants, called molecular farming, is projected to be cheaper than traditional factory methods. The article also quotes University of Verona scientist Mario Pezzotti as saying that they may also be cheaper than cell cultures--the current standard for antibody medicines
Researchers identify a process that regulates seed germination
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (news.uns.purdue.edu)
Purdue University researchers have determined a process that regulates activity of genes that control seed germination and seedling development.
Mike Hasegawa, the Bruno C. Moser Distinguished Professor of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, and Kenji Miura, a former Purdue postdoctoral researcher and now an assistant professor at Tsukuba University in Japan, discovered the step involved in keeping seeds from germinating in adverse conditions such as freezing temperatures or drought, a factor in the survival of plant species.
Gene to reduce wheat yield losses
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.eurekalert.org)
A new gene that provides resistance to a fungal disease responsible for millions of hectares of lost wheat yield has been discovered by scientists from the U.S. and Israel.
"This is the first step to achieving more durable resistance to a devastating disease in wheat," said Dr Cristobal Uauy, co-author of the report, recently appointed to the John Innes Centre in Norwich.
Resistance to stripe rust has previously been achieved using genes that are specific to single races of the disease
Scientists Discover How Key Plant Hormone Is Triggered
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
Best known for its effects on fruit ripening and flower fading, the gaseous plant hormone ethylene shortens the shelf life of many fruits and plants by putting their physiology on fast-forward. In recent years, scientists learned a lot about the different components that transmit ethylene signals inside cells. But a central regulator of ethylene responses, a protein known as EIN2, resisted all their efforts.
Gene's past could improve the future of rice
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (news.uns.purdue.edu)
In an effort to improve rice varieties, a Purdue University researcher was part of a team that traced the evolutionary history of domesticated rice by using a process that focuses on one gene.
Scott A. Jackson, a professor of agronomy, said studying the gene that decides how many shoots will form on a rice plant allows researchers to better understand how the gene evolved over time through natural selection and human interaction
Candy cane strategy sweetens life for goldenrods
annatto submitted, created time 1 year 8 months (www.sciencenews.org)
A recent study shows that plants can duck their heads--well, their tips--a bit like a bent candy cane. While this doesn't make them agile enough to literally dodge attackers, it does reduce the amount of damage that they can do.
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
A common European weed has turned its compact flower into an expansive, yellow-petalled blossom by borrowing a couple of genes from a close Italian relative. Researchers say the exchange is a rare documented example of beneficial genetic flow between species. It also challenges the notion that higher organisms must rely on their own genes to evolve.
The story starts three hundred years ago, when botanists introduced a yellow Sicilian flower called Senecio squalidus to Oxford, U.K. At the time, there was only one variety of a British weed known as the common groundsel (S
Ancient Palm Resurrected from 2000-Year-Old Seed
jerry submitted, created time 2 years 2 months (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
Scientists have successfully grown a date palm from a 2000-year-old seed dug up from the Judean desert. That makes the seed, whose age has just been verified by radiocarbon dating, the oldest ever to germinate.
Can a Fir Coat Keep a Tree Warm?
marry submitted, created time 2 years 2 months (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
An isotopic analysis of wood suggests that firs in northern forests can trap heat and keep their needles warmer than the surrounding air...
The Study of Phloem Development and Structure in Arabidopsis
kavin submitted, created time 2 years 3 months (www.plantcell.org)
Currently, examination of the cellular structure of plant organs and the gene expression therein largely relies on the production of tissue sections. Here, the authors present a staining technique that can be used to image entire plant organs using confocal laser scanning microscopy. This technique produces high-resolution images that allow three-dimensional reconstruction of the cellular organization of plant organs.
Functional analysis of cotton orthologs of GA signal transduction factors GID1 and SLR1
kavin submitted, created time 2 years 3 months (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
As we know, gibberellic acid (GA) is both necessary and sufficient to promote fiber elongation in cultured fertilized ovules of the upland cotton variety Coker 312. The researchers's results indicate that the initiation of fiber elongation by the application of GA to cultured ovules corresponds with increased expression of genes that encode xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH) and expansin (EXP) that are involved in promoting cell elongation.
OsDREB1F gene increases salt, drought, and low temperature tolerance in both Arabidopsis and rice
kavin submitted, created time 2 years 3 months (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
In this study, a novel rice DREB transcription factor, OsDREB1F, was cloned and characterised via subtractive suppression hybridisation (SSH) from upland rice. The further characterisation of OsDREB1F-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed that, besides activating the expression of COR genes which contain DRE/CRT element in their upstream promoter regions, the expression of rd29B and RAB18 genes were also activated, suggested that OsDREB1F may also participate in ABA-dependent pathways.
Involvement of CBF Transcription Factors in Winter Hardiness in Birch
kavin submitted, created time 2 years 3 months (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Cold acclimation of plants involves extensive reprogramming of gene expression. And in the paper, the researchers suggest that in addition to their role in cold acclimation during the growing season birch CBFs appear to contribute to control of winter hardiness in birch.
worldwide database of tree DNA created
kavin submitted, created time 2 years 4 months (edition.cnn.com)
The researchers of New York Botanical Garden are about to lead a global effort to capture DNA from thousands of tree species from around the world. Their resulting database will help identify many of the world's existing plant species, where they are located and whether they are endangered. The results are crucial for conservation and protecting the environment as population and development increases
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