Articles with the keyword: 
Centrosome misorientation reduces stem cell division during aging
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 month 3 days (www.nature.com)
Asymmetric division of adult stem cells generates one self-renewing stem cell and one differentiating cell, thereby maintaining tissue homeostasis. A decline in stem cell function has been proposed to contribute to tissue aging, although the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here we show that changes in the stem cell orientation with respect to the niche during aging contribute to the decline in spermatogenesis in the male germ line of Drosophila. Throughout the cell cycle, centrosomes in germline stem cells (GSCs) are oriented within their niche and this ensures asymmetric division 
A natural reprogramming system
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)
In fruit flies--and presumably other pupating insects--specialized cells revert to multipotency as the larva prepares to transform into an adult. We had thought that the differentiated larval cells simply died during this process, and many of them do, but it does seem that some can regain some pluripotency.
The way they figured this out is particularly vivid. By modifying the cells in the larvae's tracheae to glow green, researchers were able to track their destinations and daughter cells.
We already knew that some human cells were able to perform similar feats
Newly discovered molecular switch helps decide cell type in early embryo development
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 months 1 week (www.eurekalert.org)
Researchers have discovered a central molecular switch in fruit fly embryos that opens new avenues for studying the causes of birth defects and cancer in humans. Writing about their study in the Aug. 12 Developmental Cell, scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center determined the switch to be a main tuning mechanism for instructing cells whether to form sensory nerves or blood cells in different parts of the body.
They're calling it "biological alchemy": induced stem cells proliferate
sea-maid submitted, created time 4 months 1 week (www.newscientist.com)
CALL it biological alchemy: specialist pancreatic cells that secrete digestive enzymes have been converted directly into insulin-producing beta cells. Meanwhile, epithelial cells from the back of the eye have been coaxed into becoming a versatile, new type of stem cell.
Both advances, reported last week in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the annual meeting of the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR), may take us closer to a "regenerative" approach to repairing damaged tissue
sea-maid submitted, created time 5 months 3 weeks (www.jcb.org)
Interest in satellite cells exploded in the last four years. The work may lead to basic insights into the nature of quiescence, self-renewal and differentiation (Conboy et al., 2003), and help identify the best cell type for use in gene therapy applications.
Extracellular matrix production and calcium carbonate precipitation by coral cells in vitro
davidd submitted, created time 10 months 1 week (www.pnas.org)
The evolution of multicellularity in animals required the production of extracellular matrices that serve to spatially organize cells according to function. In corals, three matrices are involved in spatial organization. In this report Paul G. Falkowski studies the change of Extracellular matrix component using an in vitro culturing system for coral cells.
Eric wu submitted, created time 11 months 1 week (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
All brain cells are the same, genetically speaking. Yet somehow they play vastly different roles, some directing movement, others participating in language or thought. Now, a study finds that a chemical known to turn genes on and off may be partially responsible for this division of labor. The results, researchers suggest, could help scientists better understand psychiatric and neurological diseases.
Real-time imaging of β-catenin dynamics in cells and living mice
william submitted, created time 1 year 3 weeks (www.pnas.org)
β-Catenin (β-cat) is a key signaling component of the canonical Wnt pathway as well as an increasingly studied contributor to various pathways that regulate cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. For its best known function, posttranslational stabilization of β-cat is required for T cell factor-dependent transcription of numerous downstream targets of Wnt, and this process is aberrantly active in a wide array of cancers.
jiangyun submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (carcin.oxfordjournals.org)
Pancreatic carcinoma has so far not been tested as an end point in such studies. We thus investigated the influence of supplemental nutritive selenium on pancreatic carcinogenesis in selenium deficient animals by use of a genetically defined disease model. Over a period of 800 days, all animals (n = 131) in the study developed tumours.
jiangyun submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (carcin.oxfordjournals.org)
We investigated the in vitro effects of acteoside on the proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and differentiation of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Acteoside inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner with an IC50, approximately 30 µM. DNA flow cytometric analysis indicated that acteoside blocked cell cycle progression at the G1 phase in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells.
jiangyun submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (carcin.oxfordjournals.org)
The quantitative nature of the present findings are inconsistent with the hypothesis that cancer cell lines respond differentially as compared to normal cells, and provide further evidence that PPARß/ ligands do not potentiate tumorigenesis.
broadcast submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (endo.endojournals.org)
"Treatment of fetal rats and embryonic chickens with exogenous glucocorticoids induces premature growth hormone (GH) cell differentiation. However, it is unknown whether the developing adrenal gland is capable of mounting this response autonomously. The present study determined whether stimulation of the adrenal gland in developing chicken embryos through administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) could induce a premature increase in GH cells."
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