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6

One Tail, Many Feats

sumsung submitted, created time 9 months 2 weeks (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)

Despite their famous sticky toes, geckos sometimes take a tumble--and that's when a tail comes in handy. A new biomechanical study shows how geckos use their tails for extra control when they slip or fall. It even helps them glide through the air.

7

Bat's powerful lift is illuminated by fog

sumsung submitted, created time 10 months 1 week (www.nature.com)

Bats have a clever aerodynamic trick to make flying easier, researchers have found: the sharp edge at the front of their wings cuts through the air in such a way as to create a vortex on top of the wing, producing up to 40% of the lift needed to stay aloft.

10

Ancient bat flew without echolocation

sumsung submitted, created time 10 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)

Among those who study the evolution of bats, the question of whether the bats developed echolocation and then flight, flight and then echolocation or developed both traits in tandem is a matter of great debate. A discovery in Wyoming not long ago has tossed some more gas on that fire.

The 52.5-million-year-old bat unusually had a claw on all five digits of each limb, earning it the nickname "20-clawed bat." Its anatomy shows that it captured its prey without the use of echolocation. The echo-first campers have yet to respond.

7

Did a 'light' genome help birds take flight?

penguin submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.nature.com)

Which came first: flying birds or the smaller genome? Scientists in Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts estimated the genome sizes of the dinosaur ancestors of birds. Although the study suggests that small genomes came before flight evolved in birds, it also seems to be true that flying keeps cells and genomes small. Modern birds that have adopted a more sedentary lifestyle, such as ostriches, have larger genomes than strong fliers. Perhaps the active process of chucking out redundant DNA was no longer selected for in these animals

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