Articles with the keyword: 
Small molecules mimic natural gene regulators
piggy submitted, created time 9 months 2 weeks (www.ns.umich.edu)
In the quest for new approaches to treating and preventing disease, one appealing route involves turning genes on or off at will, directly intervening in ailments such as cancer and diabetes, which result when genes fail to turn on and off as they should.
Scientists at the University of Michigan and the University of California at Berkeley have taken a step forward on that route by developing small molecules that mimic the behavior and function of a much larger and more complicated natural regulator of gene expression 
Conserved Gene Expression Reveals Our Inner Fish
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 1 day (www.sciencedaily.com)
A study of gene expression in chickens, frogs, pufferfish, mice and people has revealed surprising similarities in several key tissues. Researchers have shown that expression in tissues with a limited number of specialized cell types is strongly conserved, even between the mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrates.
What's driving specific patterns of gene expression among cell types?
piggy submitted, created time 11 months 3 weeks (www.eurekalert.org)
Providing another tool to help to understand gene regulation on a global scale, a nationwide research team has identified and mapped 55,000 enhancers, short regions of DNA that act to enhance or boost the expression of genes. The map, which will be published March 18 in the advance on-line edition of the journal Nature, will help scientists understand how cells control expression of genes specific to their particular cell type
First Genome-wide Expression Analysis Yields Better Understanding of How Leukemia Develops
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.sciencedaily.com)
In a collaborative study published Feb. 9, 2009, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), scientists performed a genome-wide expression analysis comparing highly enriched normal blood stem cells and leukemic stem cells, and identified several new pathways that have a key role in cancer development.
A new gene silencing platform--silence is golden
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.eurekalert.org)
A team of researchers led by Rutgers' Samuel Gunderson has developed a novel gene silencing platform with very significant improvements over existing RNAi approaches. This may enable the development and discovery of a new class of drugs to treat a wide array of diseases. Critical to the technology is the approach this team took to specifically target RNA biosynthesis.
The research findings are reported in the journal Nature Biotechnology, published online in the February 8th issue.
The molecules in question are oligonucleotides that have been named "U1 adaptors
Krumlauf Lab demonstrates modulation of gene expression by protein coding regions
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.eurekalert.org)
A research team at the Stowers Institute has discovered how the expression of one of the Hox master control genes is regulated in a specific segment of the developing brain. The findings provide important insight into how and where the brain develops some of its unique and important structures.
The findings were posted to the online Early Edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science today
Biologists Discover Motor Protein That Rewinds DNA
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 4 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
ScienceDaily (Nov. 2, 2008) — Two biologists at the University of California, San Diego have discovered the first of a new class of cellular motor proteins that “rewind” sections of the double-stranded DNA molecule that become unwound, like the tangled ribbons from a cassette tape, in “bubbles” that prevent critical genes from being expressed.
“When your DNA gets stuck in the unwound position, your cells are in big trouble, and in humans, that ultimately leads to death” said Jim Kadonaga, a professor of biology at UCSD who headed the study
The Study of Phloem Development and Structure in Arabidopsis
kavin submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.plantcell.org)
Currently, examination of the cellular structure of plant organs and the gene expression therein largely relies on the production of tissue sections. Here, the authors present a staining technique that can be used to image entire plant organs using confocal laser scanning microscopy. This technique produces high-resolution images that allow three-dimensional reconstruction of the cellular organization of plant organs.
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.nature.com)
Researchers have found a protein complex called eNoSC that slows down a cell's protein-production machinery when energy is running low.
jerry submitted, created time 1 year 10 months (www.developmentalcell.com)
Surprisingly, sensitive-to-resistant transition happened in post-stage-12 embryos when they are irradiated.
The magic key of this is in the irradiation-responsive enhancer regions of the proapoptotic genes. It becomes enriched for trimethylated H3K27/H3K9 and forms a heterochromatin-like structure during the sensitive-to-resistant transition.
Genetic interaction with smoking in arthritis
jerry submitted, created time 1 year 10 months (arthritis-research.com)
Analysis of data from a study of American nurses confirms the PTPN22 polymorphism is a strong risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis, and that its presence interacts multiplicatively with heavy smoking.
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 10 months (www.genome.org)
In this paper, the authors performed chromatin immunoprecipitation using antibodies to H3me3K27, H3me3K9, 5-methyl-cytosine, and POLR2A. And then they found that (1) the percentage of low expressed genes bound by POLR2A, H3me3K27, H3me3K9, or 5-methyl-cytosine is similar in all 12 cell types, regardless of differentiation or neoplastic state; (2) a gene is generally repressed by only one mechanism; and (3) distinct classes of genes are repressed by certain mechanisms
MicroRNA Sets Stage for Human Therapies
sumsung submitted, created time 1 year 11 months (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
Scientists have taken a big step toward developing therapies based on naturally occurring tiny RNA molecules called microRNAs. In the first successful experiment with primates, researchers have blocked microRNAs to lower cholesterol levels in monkeys. This achievement builds hope that the strategy could one day be used to attack human diseases. Safety concerns still linger, however.
Mice with gene deletion provide clues to Prader-Willi, uncontrollable eating
jane2007 submitted, created time 2 years 1 week (news-service.stanford.edu)
A new mouse model for a genetic cause of obesity has been developed by scientists. This model will help them develop therapies for people with Prader-Willi syndrome, a rare genetic condition that triggers uncontrollable eating.
Knockdown of TNFR1 by the sense strand of an ICAM-1 siRNA: dissection of an off-target effect
davidd submitted, created time 2 years 2 weeks (nar.oxfordjournals.org)
This may be the first example in which the off-target effect of an siRNA is actually responsible for the anticipated effect by acting to reduce expression of a protein (TNFR1) that normally regulates expression of the intended target (ICAM-1).
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