Intracellular mediators of transforming growth factor beta superfamily signaling localize to endosomes in chicken embryo and mouse lenses in vivo.

crackpot submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.biomedcentral.com)

"Based on the findings reported here and data from other signaling systems, researchers suggest that the localization of activated intracellular mediators of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily to endosomes is important for the regulation of growth factor signaling."

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Differential Activation of Insulin Receptor Substrates 1 and 2 by Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Activated Insulin Receptors

badboy submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (mcb.asm.org)

"The specific activation of IRS-2 by IGF-I through the IR does not result in activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway but does induce delayed low-level activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway and biological effects such as enhanced cell viability and protection from apoptosis. These findings suggest that IGF-I can function directly through the IR and that the observed effects of IGF-I on insulin sensitivity may be the result of direct facilitation of insulin action by IGF-I costimulation of the IR in insulin target tissues. "

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