Articles with the keyword: 
Heterochromatin kills kinetochores
jerry submitted, created time 7 months 4 weeks (www.developmentalcell.com)
This research tells us that a dynamic balance between centromeric chromatin and heterochromatin is essential for vertebrate kinetochore activity. They used an artificial chromosome (HAC) to manipulate the epigenetic state of chromatin within an active kinetochore. When they changed the state of the chromosome, they lost the kinetochore proteins. 
sumsung submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.pnas.org)
The structural and functional analyses of heterochromatin are essential to understanding how heterochromatic genes are regulated and how centromeric chromatin is formed. Because the repetitive nature of heterochromatin hampers its genome analysis, new approaches need to be developed.
bioman submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.nature.com)
"Here, we report a novel mechanism for a ddm1-induced syndrome, called bonsai (bns). We identified the gene responsible for the bns phenotypes by genetic linkage analysis and subsequent transcriptional analysis. The bns phenotypes are due to silencing of a putative Anaphase-Promoting Complex (APC) 13 gene. The BNS gene silencing was associated with DNA hypermethylation, which is in contrast to the ddm1-induced hypomethylation in the other genomic regions. "
HP1alpha guides neuronal fate by timing E2F-targeted genes silencing during terminal differentiation
bioman submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.nature.com)
A critical step of neuronal terminal differentiation is the permanent withdrawal from the cell cycle that requires the silencing of genes that drive mitosis. Here, we describe that the alpha isoform of the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) protein family exerts such silencing on several E2F-targeted genes. Among the different isoforms, HP1alpha levels progressively increase throughout differentiation and take over HP1gamma binding on E2F sites in mature neurons. When overexpressed, only HP1alpha is able to ensure a timed repression of E2F genes
The Release 5.1 Annotation of Drosophila melanogaster Heterochromatin
diggman submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.sciencemag.org)
"We have generated a detailed computational and manual annotation of 24 megabases of heterochromatic sequence in the Release 5 Drosophila melanogaster genome sequence. The heterochromatin contains a minimum of 230 to 254 protein-coding genes, which are conserved in other Drosophilids and more diverged species, as well as 32 pseudogenes and 13 noncoding RNAs. Improved methods revealed that more than 77% of this heterochromatin sequence, including introns and intergenic regions, is composed of fragmented and nested transposable elements and other repeated DNAs
Transcriptional regulation at the nuclear pore complex
athena submitted, created time 1 year 8 months (www.sciencedirect.com)
"The nonrandom spatial distribution of chromosomes and genes in the eukaryotic nucleus has been appreciated for decades, although a detailed understanding of the functional role of such positioning has remained illusive. The most prominent structural feature of the nucleus is the nuclear periphery, classically considered as a zone of gene repression caused by the presence of heterochromatin and silencing factors."
A novel role for histone chaperones CAF-1 and Rtt106p in heterochromatin silencing
addict submitted, created time 1 year 8 months (www.nature.com)
The histone chaperones CAF-1 and Rtt106p are required for heterochromatin silencing in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although it has been suggested that CAF-1 is involved in the maintenance of heterochromatin silencing, their exact functions during this process are not well understood. Here, we show that CAF-1 and Rtt106p are involved in the early stages of heterochromatin formation. The binding of Sir proteins to telomeric heterochromatin is significantly reduced and, additionally, Sir proteins are mislocalized in cells lacking CAF-1 and Rtt106p
Analysis of the Vertebrate Insulator Protein CTCF-Binding Sites in the Human Genome
psychologist submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.cell.com)
Insulator elements affect gene expression by preventing the spread of heterochromatin and restricting transcriptional enhancers from activation of unrelated promoters. In vertebrates, insulator's function requires association with the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), a protein that recognizes long and diverse nucleotide sequences. While insulators are critical in gene regulation, only a few have been reported. Here, we describe 13,804 CTCF-binding sites in potential insulators of the human genome, discovered experimentally in primary human fibroblasts
Plant chromosomes from end to end: telomeres, heterochromatin and centromeres
amanda submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.sciencedirect.com)
"Recent evidence indicates that heterochromatin in plants is composed of heterogeneous sequences, which are usually composed of transposable elements or tandem repeat arrays."
Telomere length and heterochromatin
yoyotaxi submitted, created time 1 year 10 months (www.nature.com)
The research report that mice with short telomeres show decreased histone trimethylation and increased histone acetylation in telomeric and subtelomeric chromatin. The authors suggest that maintenance of telomeric repeats is required for the establishment of constitutive heterochromatin in these regions.
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