Articles with the keyword: 
Rhesus protein stops blood from becoming acidic
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 days 1 hour (www.nature.com)
A protein similar to the Rhesus factor antigens that are used to determine the safety of blood transfusions removes acid from the blood and could have a role in regulating pH elsewhere in the body, too 
How the Body Determines Optimal Amount of Germ-Fighting B Cells
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 5 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine can now explain how the body determines whether there are enough mature B-cells in the blood stream at any one time. These are the cells that produce antibodies against germs to fight infections.
“There is a steady state number of B cells that is considered normal for humans,” says senior author Michael P. Cancro, PhD, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Centrosome misorientation reduces stem cell division during aging
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 month 6 days (www.nature.com)
Asymmetric division of adult stem cells generates one self-renewing stem cell and one differentiating cell, thereby maintaining tissue homeostasis. A decline in stem cell function has been proposed to contribute to tissue aging, although the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here we show that changes in the stem cell orientation with respect to the niche during aging contribute to the decline in spermatogenesis in the male germ line of Drosophila. Throughout the cell cycle, centrosomes in germline stem cells (GSCs) are oriented within their niche and this ensures asymmetric division
An internal thermal sensor controlling temperature preference in Drosophila
sea-maid submitted, created time 5 months 1 week (www.nature.com)
In order to investigate the neural circuits and strategies through which animals select a preferred temperature, this author identified a small set of warmth-activated anterior cell (AC) neurons located in the Drosophila brain, the function of which is critical for preferred temperature selection.
jerry submitted, created time 6 months 2 days (ajp.amjpathol.org)
The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/Met signaling system is essential for liver development, homeostasis, and function. In this study, the researchers took advantage of a liver-specific, Met-conditional knockout mouse generated in their laboratory to address the molecular mechanisms of HGF/Met signaling in adult liver progenitor cell (oval cell) biology. It reveals a critical, functional role for Met in oval cell survival through an autocrine mechanism.
Non-peptide arginine-vasopressin antagonists: the vaptans
kavin submitted, created time 6 months 1 week (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Arginine-vasopressin is a hormone that plays an important part in circulatory and water homoeostasis. These drugs are all effective in the treatment of euvolaemic and hypervolaemic hyponatraemia. Conivaptan is a V1a/V2 non-selective vasopressin-receptor antagonist that has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as an intravenous infusion for the inhospital treatment of euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia.
Bacteria can learn to anticipate changes in their environments
Sue Wu submitted, created time 6 months 1 week (www.nature.com)
The simple life of bacteria is a little less simple than you might have thought. New research shows that colonies of Escherichia coli can demonstrate a form of learning.
TIPE2, a Negative Regulator of Innate and Adaptive Immunity that Maintains Immune Homeostasis
kavin submitted, created time 6 months 2 weeks (www.cell.com)
It is known that immune homeostasis is essential for the normal functioning of the immune system, and its breakdown leads to fatal inflammatory diseases. In this paper, the authors found that TIPE2 is an essential negative regulator of TLR and TCR function, and its selective expression in the immune system prevents hyperresponsiveness and maintains immune homeostasis.
Sue Wu submitted, created time 8 months 1 week (www.sciencenews.org)
Hydrogen sulfide deserves its bad reputation. It's famous for filling the air of high school chemistry labs with the smell of rotten eggs. One strong whiff of the noxious gas can knock you to the ground. Too much can kill you. However, recent discoveries show that in the right proportions, H2S helps regulate several different bodily functions. In fact, we can't live without it.
Stem Cells and Niches: Mechanisms That Promote Stem Cell Maintenance throughout Life
davidd submitted, created time 8 months 3 weeks (www.cell.com)
Niches are local tissue microenvironments that maintain and regulate stem cells. Long-predicted from mammalian studies, these structures have recently been characterized within several invertebrate tissues using methods that reliably identify individual stem cells and their functional requirements. Although similar single-cell resolution has usually not been achieved in mammalian tissues, principles likely to govern the behavior of niches in diverse organisms are emerging. Considerable progress has been made in elucidating how the microenvironment promotes stem cell maintenance
ARF1 is directly involved in dynamin-independent endocytosis
DanyC submitted, created time 9 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)
"Endocytosis of glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) and the fluid phase takes place primarily through a dynamin- and clathrin-independent, Cdc42-regulated pinocytic mechanism. This mechanism is mediated by primary carriers called clathrin-independent carriers (CLICs), which fuse to form tubular early endocytic compartments called GPI-AP enriched endosomal compartments (GEECs)
New Cholesterol Genes found are potentially attractive drug targets
DanyC submitted, created time 10 months 1 week (www.webmd.com)
Two of the newly identified genes only affect HDL cholesterol, one only affects LDL cholesterol, three only affect triglycerides, and one affects LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. it may be possible to tailor cholesterol and triglyceride treatments to patients
Fine-tuned immune system could control cancer
Eric wu submitted, created time 11 months 3 weeks (www.newscientist.com)
Isn't the immune system wonderful? Among its many talents, it can keep cancer in check for years without you ever knowing anything about it.
Polyamines Improve K+/Na+ Homeostasis in Barley Seedlings by Regulating Root Ion Channel Activities
yangjane submitted, created time 1 year 2 weeks (www.plantphysiol.org)
Polyamines are known to increase in plant cells in response to a variety of stress conditions. However, the physiological roles of elevated polyamines are not understood well. Here we investigated the effects of polyamines on ion channel activities by applying patch-clamp techniques to protoplasts derived from barley (Hordeum vulgare) seedling root cells. Extracellular application of polyamines significantly blocked the inward Na+ and K+ currents (especially Na+ currents) in root epidermal and cortical cells
A mouse model of conditional lipodystrophy
stephen submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.pnas.org)
Lipodystrophies are syndromes of adipose tissue degeneration associated with severe defects in lipid and glucose homeostasis. We report here the generation and analysis of Ppargldi, a targeted allele that confers conditional dominant lipodystrophy in mice.
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