Articles with the keyword: 
The Iceman's mysterious genetic past
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 weeks 1 day (www.sciencenews.org)
A 5,000-year-old mummy displays a genetic signature no longer found in Europe, according to its complete mitochondrial DNA sequence. 
Gene regulation makes humans human
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 months 2 weeks (www.sciencenews.org)
The regulation of genes, rather than genes alone, may have been crucial to primate evolution. Nearly identical stretches of DNA in chimps and humans trigger different effects in the developing body, triggered by non-coding regions.
Non-verbal communication, innate or learned?
Darkfrog submitted, created time 2 months 2 weeks (www.nytimes.com)
This article talks about the assumption that non-verbal signs of pride and shame, such as gestures and facial expressions, are learned and not innate.
It seems that even people who have been blind since birth still raise their arms in a great "WOHOO!" of victory and slump their shoulders with disappointment. Frankly, I don't think this entirely precludes the idea that they're learned, but it does open up the question pretty well.
Big brains arose twice in higher primates
sea-maid submitted, created time 4 months 21 hours (esciencenews.com)
After taking a fresh look at an old fossil, John Flynn, Frick Curator of Paleontology at the American Museum of Natural History, and colleagues were able to confirm the theory that large brain size has developed more than once in the primate evolutionary tree.
jerry submitted, created time 4 months 1 day (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
When it comes to the extremely difficult task of sequencing caveman DNA, the third time may be the charm for David Caramelli. After two controversial attempts, the biological anthropologist at the University of Florence, Italy, and colleagues claim to have successfully sequenced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the fossils of a Cro-Magnon, a 28,000-year-old European ancestor of living humans. The mtDNA matches that of some modern Europeans but differs from that of Neandertals, shedding light on the fate of these ancient hominids
"Gay genes" may be good for women
sea-maid submitted, created time 5 months 1 day (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
As gay couples race to the altar in California this week, scientists may have found an answer to the so-called gay paradox. Studies suggest that homosexuality is at least partly genetic. And although homosexuals have far fewer children than heterosexuals, so-called gay genes apparently survive in the population. A new study bolsters support for an intriguing idea: These same genes may increase fertility in women.
jerry submitted, created time 5 months 3 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Researchers have determined the DNA sequence of a woman. She is also the first European whose DNA sequence has been determined...
jerry submitted, created time 5 months 4 weeks (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
Most researchers agree that modern humans got their start in Africa and then spread throughout the world beginning about 50,000 years ago. But scientists are still working out the details of how the planet was peopled, such as who went where, and when. A new study, employing sophisticated modeling techniques, confirms the prevailing Out of Africa model but also comes up with some surprises, including evidence that the Americas' first human inhabitants arrived in multiple waves.
Fossil faces pinpoint earliest North Americans
jane2007 submitted, created time 7 months 2 weeks (www.nature.com)
Some 14,300-year-old fossilized human feces have been found in Oregon, offering the oldest firm evidence yet of humans in North America, and the oldest human DNA in all the Americas.
Fossilized jaw shows that hominids lived in Europe earlier than we'd thought
Darkfrog submitted, created time 7 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)
The article names the single-find specie "Homo antecessor" and hypothesizes descent from Homo erectus, saying that some Homo e left Africa for Asia, then quickly doubled back to Spain.
This changes the system of ideas surrounding genus Homo's entrance into Europe. Previous fossils gave a date of as early as 800,000 years ago, but this mandible dates to 1.2 million.
Sue Wu submitted, created time 7 months 4 weeks (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
We humans can do all sorts of things other animals can't. A critical connection between two brain areas plays an important role.
Hand-assisted tree-walking makes sense for us
DanyC submitted, created time 8 months 2 weeks (www.newscientist.com)
The new claim is based on the use of advanced techniques to date soil in which the bones of the ape-man Orrorin tugensis were found. Apart from revealing their antiquity, their studies show the fossils belonged to upright creatures and must therefore be direct ancestors of humans today.
Study Finds "Hobbit" Humans Were Diseased Cretins
DanyC submitted, created time 8 months 2 weeks (news.nationalgeographic.com)
The hypothesis is the latest in a string of diseases proposed to explain the small-bodied fossils. The scientists who originally discovered the remains hailed them as representing a heretofore unknown species, Homo floresiensis, that lived at the same time as modern humans 18,000 years ago.
PS:
Cretinism can cause dwarfing and mental retardation, and is related to nutritional deficiencies, primarily a lack of iodine.
davidd submitted, created time 8 months 2 weeks (www.nature.com)
Lentiviruses may have vexed nonhuman primates for millions of years. An important antiviral protein, which targets the family of viruses that includes HIV, seems to have evolved twice in nonhuman primates, researchers have found, with one of the versions evolving somewhere between 5 million and 10 million years ago. The results suggest that these viruses played an important role in primate evolution.
Largest yet survey of human genetic diversity
davidd submitted, created time 9 months 6 hours (www.nature.com)
Scientists have taken an unprecedented look at worldwide genetic diversity to illuminate the history of the world’s populations.
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