Articles with the keyword: 
Louse infestation calibrates immune system regulation
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 4 months (www.eurekalert.org)
Some parasites can exert a moderating effect on the immune system, possibly reducing the host's risk of developing immune dysfunctions like asthma, allergies and some forms of arthritis. Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Biology studied the effects of several parasites on the immune activity of wild wood mice, finding louse infestations to be associated with a reduced readiness to mount an immune response.
Janette Bradley led a team of researchers from the University of Nottingham who carried out the tests on a population of wood mice captured in a Nottinghamshire forest 
Designer immune cells fight prostate cancer
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 4 months (www.nature.com)
Genetically engineered immune cells may have helped two patients with advanced prostate cancer fight the disease, preliminary results suggest.
HIV Pays a Price for Invisibility
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 4 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
Mutations that help HIV hide from the immune system undermine the virus's ability to replicate, show an international team of researchers in the April 13 issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine. The study was published online on March 23.
Some people have a type of human leukocyte antigen called HLA-B*5703, which is linked to T-cells that are quicker and more effective against HIV. However, the virus can quickly mutate three amino acids, rendering infected cells invisible to the body's immune system
Immune Cells in Skin Fight Off Infection Better Than the Rest
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 4 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
Scientists at the University of Melbourne have published results detailing the local action of immune cells in the skin, which could improve treatment of viral skin infections.
New Role for Immune System Pathway in Post-heart-attack Inflammation
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
A new study led by University of Iowa researchers has found an unexpected new link between this inflammation in heart muscle following heart attacks and a previously known enzyme called calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II or CaM kinase II. The findings also reveal the involvement of an immune system gene--complement factor B--that has been implicated in other inflammatory diseases.
The study, published online March 9 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, suggests that CaM kinase II inhibition could be a therapeutic target in heart disease, but by previously unknown pathways.
Virus said to trigger childhood-onset diabetes
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (news.bbc.co.uk)
U.K. researchers report that enteroviruses may be triggers for type I diabetes, particularly in children. In a study of diabetic children, pancreatic tissue from 60% of the subjects was shown to be infected with enterovirus. Hardly any non-diabetic children showed any enterovirus at all. In adults this figure was closer to 40%.
Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the body kills off its own beta cells (this is as opposed to type II diabetes, in which the body's insulin receptors are damaged or less sensitive)
Microbicide may prevent HIV from gaining a foothold in the body
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.nature.com)
Glycerol monolaurate, a microbicide often used as an additive in foods and cosmetics, has been shown to protect female monkeys from contracting SIV, the simian equivalent of HIV. Ironically, it seems to work by suppressing the immune system.
During the early stages of HIV infection, the body musters an immune response to fight it off. Unfortunately for us, this immune response contains a significant does of CD4+ helper T-cells--the virus's favorite food. Suppress this immune response, and it may become harder for HIV to gain a foothold
HIV Adapts to Escape Immune Response
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (main.uab.edu)
A new study out of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) and Oxford University in England describes the human immunodeficiency virus's ability to adapt and avoid the human immune system. It spells out at least fourteen different changes, called escape mutations, that help keep itself alive after interacting genetically with the immunity molecules that would normally attack it.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) adapts so well to the body's defense system that any successful AIDS vaccine must keep pace with the ever-changing immunological profile of the virus
New origin found for critical immune response
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.eurekalert.org)
An immune system response critical to the first stages of fighting off viruses and harmful bacteria has been found to come from an entirely different direction than had been thought, say findings from researchers at the Duke University Medical Center.
Type 1 helper (TH1) T cell immune responses are critical for the control of viruses and certain bacteria. Immunologists have generally believed that TH1 responses are induced by rare immune cells, called dendritic cells
HIV Is Evolving to Evade Human Immune Responses
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
HIV is evolving rapidly to escape the human immune system, an international study led by Oxford University has shown. The findings, published in Nature, demonstrate the challenge involved in developing a vaccine for HIV that keeps pace with the changing nature of the virus.
Immune Molecule That Attacks Wide Range of Flu Viruses Discovered
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
The discovery of the molecule, an antibody known as CR6261, is good news for researchers who hope to design a flu vaccine that would give humans lifelong protection against a majority of influenza viruses. The antibody also has the potential to treat those who are unvaccinated and become infected with the flu
Team learns how cellular protein detects viruses and sparks immune response
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.eurekalert.org)
A study led by researchers at the University of Illinois reveals how a cellular protein recognizes an invading virus and alerts the body to the infection.
The research, described this week in the journal Science and led by Illinois physics professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Taekjip Ha, settles a debate over how the protein, RIG-I (pronounced rig-EYE), is able to distinguish between viral RNA and self (or cellular) RNA.
Trial Offers Hope for Curing Peanut Allergies
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (news.smh.com.au)
A team of British scientists on Friday said it had come one step closer to curing nut allergies following a small-scale clinical trial in which they successfully built up children's tolerance to peanuts.
Meningitis bacteria dress up as human cells to evade our immune system
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.eurekalert.org)
The way in which bacteria that cause bacterial meningitis mimic human cells to evade the body's innate immune system has been revealed by researchers at the University of Oxford and Imperial College London.
The study, published in Nature, could lead to the development of new vaccines that give better protection against meningitis B, the strain which accounts for the vast majority of cases of the disease in the UK.
Meningitis involves an inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and the spinal cord as the result of an infection
How Deadly Fungus Protects Itself
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.sciencedaily.com)
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have discovered how a deadly microbe evades the human immune system and causes disease.
The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), may help scientists develop new therapies or vaccines against infections caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. These fungal infections occur most commonly in those with compromised immune systems ─ especially AIDS patients and transplant patients who must take lifelong immunosuppressive therapy
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