Phosphoinositide signalling links O-GlcNAc transferase to insulin resistance

DanyC submitted, created time 7 months 6 days (www.nature.com)

"Here we show that O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) harbours a previously unrecognized type of phosphoinositide-binding domain. After induction with insulin, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate recruits OGT from the nucleus to the plasma membrane, where the enzyme catalyses dynamic modification of the insulin signalling pathway by O-GlcNAc. This results in the alteration in phosphorylation of key signalling molecules and the attenuation of insulin signal transduction."

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Cardiovascular Actions of Insulin

DanyC submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (edrv.endojournals.org)

"Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in insulin resistant individuals. Insulin resistance is typically defined as decreased sensitivity and/or responsiveness to metabolic actions of insulin. This cardinal feature of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemias is also a prominent component of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and atherosclerosis that are all characterized by endothelial dysfunction. Conversely, endothelial dysfunction is often present in metabolic diseases

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Adding Insulin Glargine Versus Rosiglitazone

athena submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (care.diabetesjournals.org)

"Although addition of insulin glargine and rosiglitazone achieved comparable improvements in glycemic control, insulin glargine was associated with greater improvements in HRQOL, indicating that other factors (e.g., safety profile and nonglycemic actions) may further enhance HRQOL in patients with type 2 diabetes. "

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Joslin Diabetes Center-led Study Indicates Insulin Receptors Play a Critical Role in Promoting Islet Growth to Overcome Insulin Resistance

cappuccion submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (www.joslin.org)

A new Joslin-led study has identified the insulin receptor as an important protein that promotes islet cell growth in mice whose bodies are unable to use insulin properly, or are insulin resistant, a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Since the body's natural response to insulin resistance is to increase insulin secretion from the pancreas and grow more islet cells, also known as beta cells, harnessing this growth response could lead to new treatments for type 2 diabetes. The study appears in the early online edition of this week's Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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