Hypomorphic CEP290/NPHP6 mutations result in anosmia caused by the selective loss of G proteins in cilia of olfactory sensory neurons

davis submitted, created time 1 year 3 months (www.pnas.org)

Cilia regulate diverse functions such as motility, fluid balance, and sensory perception. The cilia of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) compartmentalize the signaling proteins necessary for odor detection; however, little is known regarding the mechanisms of protein sorting/entry into olfactory cilia.

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Chromosome glue repairs damaged DNA

bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.eurekalert.org)

When a strand of DNA breaks in the body's cells, it normally does not take long until it has been repaired. Now researchers at the Swedish medical university Karolinska Institutet have discovered a new mechanism that helps to explain how the cell performs these repairs. The results are presented in Science.

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MIT IDs mechanism behind fear

bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.eurekalert.org)

Researchers from MIT's Picower Institute for Learning and Memory have uncovered a molecular mechanism that governs the formation of fears stemming from traumatic events. The work could lead to the first drug to treat the millions of adults who suffer each year from persistent, debilitating fears -- including hundreds of soldiers returning from conflict in Iraq and Afghanistan.

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Study provides new data about the laws governing embryo development in organisms

bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.eurekalert.org)

Research aimed at understanding the mechanisms underlying embryo development has taken a step forward thanks to collaborative work between biologists specialized in the study of the fruit fly and scientists specialized in the design of mathematical models that simulate the functioning of biological systems.

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Mechanisms of host cell exit by the intracellular bacterium Chlamydia

gh0706 submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.pnas.org)

The mechanisms that mediate the release of intracellular bacteria from cells are poorly understood, particularly for those that live within a cellular vacuole. The release pathway of the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia from cells is unknown. Kevin Hybiske and Richard S. Stephens identified that Chlamydia release occurred by two mutually exclusive pathways by using a GFP-based approach to visualize chlamydial inclusions within cells by live fluorescence videomicroscopy.

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The yeast mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier functions as a monomer in mitochondrial membranes

Dolly submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.pnas.org)

Mitochondrial carriers are believed widely to be dimers both in structure and function. However, the structural fold is a barrel of six transmembrane {alpha}-helices without an obvious dimerisation interface. Here, we show by negative dominance studies that the yeast mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier 2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (AAC2) is functional as a monomer in the mitochondrial membrane

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Science of Cancer and Aging

athena submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (jco.ascopubs.org)

"This review provides an overview of a selection of the most pertinent molecular pathways that link cancer and aging and focuses on those where recent advances were most important. When organizing the bulk of information on this subject, I became aware of the fact that the most evident partition, namely, mechanisms that influence aging and mechanisms that influence cancer occurrence, is difficult to apply. Most mechanisms explaining the aging process are also those that influence carcinogenesis

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