Articles with the keyword: 
Impairment of actions chains in autism and its possible role in intention understanding
franklin submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.pnas.org)
Experiments in monkeys demonstrated that many parietal and premotor neurons coding a specific motor act (e.g., grasping) show a markedly different activation when this act is part of actions that have different goals (e.g., grasping for eating vs. grasping for placing). 
The accumulation of sugar in neurons may explain the origin of several neurodegenerative diseases
kitty submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.eurekalert.org)
A phenomenon considered healthy for cells, such as the accumulation of long chains of glucose (glycogen), which tissues store for energy purposes, is harmful for neurons. Published in the latest issue of Nature Neuroscience, this finding has been made by a team of Spanish researchers led by Joan J. Guinovart, director of the Institute for Research in Biomedicine
Diminished adult neurogenesis in the marmoset brain precedes old age
franklin submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.pnas.org)
With aging there is a decline in the number of newly generated neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In rodents and tree shrews, this age-related decrease in neurogenesis is evident long before the animals become aged. No previous studies have investigated whether primates exhibit a similar decline in hippocampal neurogenesis with aging.
Loss of gene leads to protein splicing and buildup of toxic proteins in neurons
sumsung submitted, created time 1 year 3 months (www.mayoclinic.org)
Researchers at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville have discovered how loss of a gene can lead to accumulation of toxic proteins in the brain, resulting in a common dementia, and they say this mechanism may be important in a number of age-related neurological disorders.
scott submitted, created time 1 year 3 months (www.pnas.org)
The spectral, temporal, and intensive selectivity of neurons in the adult primary auditory cortex (A1) is easily degraded in early postnatal life by raising rat pups in the presence of pulsed noise. The nonselective frequency tuning recorded in these rats substantially endures into adulthood.
bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.pnas.org)
The postdevelopmental basis of cellular identity and the unique cellular output of a particular neuron type are of particular interest in the nervous system because a detailed understanding of circuits responsible for complex processes in the brain is impeded by the often ambiguous classification of neurons in these circuits.
Neurons for numerosity: Parietal neurons 'sum up' individual items in a group
bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.eurekalert.org)
Neurons in the lateral intraparietal area in monkeys respond in a graded fashion to the number of items in a visual array during a delayed saccade task, suggesting that the neurons "sum up" individual elements to represent accumulated magnitude.
General design principle for scalable neural circuits in a vertebrate retina
bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.pnas.org)
Unlike mammals, fish continue to grow throughout their lives, to increase the size of their eyes and brain, and to add new neurons to both. As a result of visual system growth, the ability to detect small objects increases with the age and size of the fish.
Silencing of genes in cultured Drosophila neurons by RNA interference
bianjie submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.pnas.org)
Cultures of neuroblasts that generate abundant neurons were established from Drosophila embryos to study silencing of genes by RNA interference (RNAi). Cultured cells expressed ELAV, a marker of neurons, Futsch, a marker of neurites, and Synapsin, Synaptobrevin, and Synaptogamin, proteins involved in neurotransmitter secretion.
sumsung submitted, created time 1 year 5 months (www.pnas.org)
Gap junctions have been postulated to exist between the axons of excitatory cortical neurons based on electrophysiological, modeling, and dye-coupling data. Here, we provide ultrastructural evidence for axoaxonic gap junctions in dentate granule cells.
A First: Brain Cell Seen While Developing
dovechocolate submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (www.livescience.com)
For the first time, a scientist has observed a neuron developing in real time in the brain of a mammal. Neurons, or nerve cells, transmit information in the brain through chemical and electrical signals. The human brain is estimated to have about 100 billion neurons. A new study, published in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience, used mouse models to study how neurons developed from non-specialized cellular spheres into the rich and complex cells found in the brain and spinal cord.
The role of neuronal synchronization in selective attention
medal submitted, created time 1 year 8 months (www.sciencedirect.com)
"Attention selectively enhances the influence of neuronal responses conveying information about relevant sensory attributes. Accumulating evidence suggests that this selective neuronal modulation relies on rhythmic synchronization at local and long-range spatial scales: attention selectively synchronizes the rhythmic responses of those neurons that are tuned to the spatial and featural attributes of the attended sensory input. The strength of synchronization is thereby functionally related to perceptual accuracy and behavioural efficiency
athena submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.jci.org)
"Hypoglycemic coma and brain injury are potential complications of insulin therapy. Certain neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex are uniquely vulnerable to hypoglycemic cell death, and oxidative stress is a key event in this cell death process."
badboy submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.newscientisttech.com)
"One of the great challenges for neuroscientists is to understand the code the brain uses to send information along neurons. Researchers at Brown University on Rhode Island have now come up with a device that may help to tackle the mystery."
Researchers hot on the trail of brain cell degeneration
Paramecium submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.biologynews.net)
A research team headed by Academy Research Fellow Michael Courtney has identified a new molecular pathway in neurons. The pathway is a factor in the degeneration of brain cells, which in turn plays an important role in neurological conditions and diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and stroke. Courtney and his team, based at the A. I. Virtanen Institute of the University of Kuopio, joined forces with Docent Eleanor Coffey's team at the Turku Centre for Biotechnology to carry out the study as part of a series of successful collaborations between the two teams
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