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23

Generation of pluripotent stem cells from adult human testis

sea-maid submitted, created time 2 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)

This is a writeup in Nature of the recent discovery that human and mouse spermatogonial cells can be rendered into pluripotent cell lines with similarities to embryonic stem cells.

"Here we report the successful establishment of human adult germline stem cells derived from spermatogonial cells of adult human testis. Cellular and molecular characterization of these cells revealed many similarities to human embryonic stem cells, and the germline stem cells produced teratomas after transplantation into immunodeficient mice

8

Stem cells from testicles offer an alternative to embryos

jerry submitted, created time 2 months 4 weeks (ap.google.com)

Cells taken from men's testicles seem as versatile as the stem cells derived from embryos, researchers reported Wednesday in what may be yet another new approach in a burgeoning scientific field. The downside? Because of their source, these cells could only be used for regenerative medicine in male patients, not in female ones.

The study involved twenty-two samples from men aged seventeen to eighty-one. All of them men were undergoing treatments for other reasons

5

A new avenue to iPS

Darkfrog submitted, created time 3 months 1 week (www.nature.com)

Researchers from Harvard have found that using adenoviruses to reprogram cells can avoid some of the risk of making induced pluripotent stem cells. Instead of integrating into the host cell's DNA, the adenoviruses express the genes themselves.

So far, the experiments have only been successful in mouse tail and liver cells, which are much less hard to work with than primate cells and tissues. In addition, the overall success rate is much lower than that of integrating virus methods, reprograming cells only 0.0001% to 0.001% of the time

11

Stem cells: One more roadblock removed from the path to practical induced pluripotency

Darkfrog submitted, created time 6 months 4 days (blog.wired.com)

This team from the Whitehead Institute for Biological Research has moved induced pluripotent stem cells one step closer to maturity. Using a two-pronged approach, they used a virus to insert the genes into mouse cells, but employ a drug to switch them on and off. This makes hte cells less likely to turn cancerous. The process is written up in Nature Biotechnology. Unlike previous iPS techniques, this produces a culture of genetically identical cells, something that iPS to date had not yet been able to do

9

Heart repair may soon be within reach

bigben submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (www.jem.org)

Researchers at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Behfar et al., J Exp Med. 2007 Feb 19) found a simple way to isolate a large quantity of cardiac progenitors or cardiopoietic cells, to prevent tumor growth when stem cells are delivered in vivo, to escape from host immunity and ,finally, to repair injured heart. “Recruited cardiopoietic cells delivered in infarcted hearts generated cardiomyocytes that proliferated into scar tissue, integrating with host myocardium for tumor-free repair

7

Epigenetic signatures of stem-cell identity

Cindy submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.nature.com)

Pluripotent stem cells, similar to more restricted stem cells, are able to both self-renew and generate differentiated progeny. Although this dual functionality has been much studied, the search for molecular signatures of 'stemness' and pluripotency is only now beginning to gather momentum. While the focus of much of this work has been on the transcriptional features of embryonic stem cells, recent studies have indicated the importance of unique epigenetic profiles that keep key developmental genes 'poised' in a repressed but activatable state

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