1602 Articles with the topic: Biochemistry
Averting a climate-led food crisis in Africa
sea-maid submitted, created time 8 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)
Most African farmers will be able to find heat-resistant crop varieties within their own borders or in other countries on the continent, providing an easy first step towards adapting to climate change, according to new research. 
Tantalizing clues to the chemical origins of life
sea-maid submitted, created time 9 months 6 days (www.nature.com)
Chemists in the United States have made an artificial DNA-like molecule that can change its sequence to bind to a DNA template without the help of enzymes. The findings could shed light on how molecules underpinning life were first able to emerge from a chemical soup.
Antioxidant Found in Berries, Other Foods Prevents UV Skin Damage That Leads to Wrinkles
piggy submitted, created time 10 months 3 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Using a topical application of the antioxidant ellagic acid, researchers at Hallym University in the Republic of Korea markedly prevented collagen destruction and inflammatory response – major causes of wrinkles -- in both human skin cells and the sensitive skin of hairless mice following continuing exposure to UV-B, the sun's skin-damaging ultraviolet radioactive rays.
Ji-Young Bae, a graduate student in the laboratory of Dr. Young-Hee Kang, presented results of the two-part study on Tuesday, April 21, at the Experimental Biology 2009 meeting in New Orleans
Robotics gets a growth spurt: automated laboratory designs own experiments
Darkfrog submitted, created time 11 months 1 week (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
This is what could really get us replaced. We've been using machines to handle delicate samples and analyze our results for some time, but now a fully robotic laboratory designed by University of Cambridge scientists has managed to design its own experiments and make its own discoveries.
The robot, Adam, creates hypotheses about orphan enzymes, which are enzymes whose genes are unknown. The article doesn't come out and say, "Adam's hypotheses only consist of, 'This enzyme is encoded by these genes. Y/N,'" but that's the impression I get
New Fat-fighting Pathway Discovered
piggy submitted, created time 11 months 2 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have discovered a process that controls the amount of fat that cells store for use as a back-up energy source. Disruption of this process allows cellular fat to accumulate—a key factor in age-related metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 obesity
Source of Olive Oil's Major Health Benefits Revealed
piggy submitted, created time 11 months 2 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Scientists have pinned down the constituent of olive oil that gives greatest protection from heart attack and stroke. In a study of the major antioxidants in olive oil, Portuguese researchers showed that one, DHPEA-EDA, protects red blood cells from damage more than any other part of olive oil.
"These findings provide the scientific basis for the clear health benefits that have been seen in people who have olive oil in their diet," says lead researcher Fatima Paiva-Martins, who works at the University of Porto
Blood protein may hold key to stopping tumor growth in cancer patients
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 2 weeks (www.eurekalert.org)
A recent discovery by researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine could clear the way for a new drug that inhibits tumor growth in cancer patients and could potentially help in the healing of wounds.
One protein, called HKA, acts to stop the growth of new blood vessels, which is essential to tumor growth. Another protein, ferritin, binds to HKA and inactivates it.
Methane-producing mineral discovered on Mars
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 2 weeks (www.nature.com)
Surprises keep coming from Nili Fossae, a long, deep scar in the surface of Mars. In December last year, scientists reported evidence there for carbonates—minerals that typically form in the presence of water. Then, in January, reports came that there was a large plume of methane in the area. On Earth the gas is made mostly by animals as a by-product—although it can also be produced naturally in the absence of life.
Promiscuous antibody targets cancer
piggy submitted, created time 11 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)
Researchers have challenged an old immunological dogma — that an antibody can bind to only a single target or antigen — by engineering an antibody to bind tightly to two distinct proteins.
The antibody, described in Science1, blocks two proteins: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). VEGF is thought to promote growth in tumors, and HER2 is highly expressed by some aggressive breast tumors
New Method Could Improve Vaccines for Both Seasonal and Bird Flu
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 1 day (www.sciencedaily.com)
A new computerized testing method could help world health officials better identify those flu vaccines that are most effective against multiple strains of influenza. Rice University scientists who created the method say tests using data from bird flu and seasonal flu outbreaks suggest their method can better gauge the efficacy of proposed vaccines than tests used today can.
Rice's Michael Deem, the lead scientist on the project, will present the group's results March 19 at the American Physical Society's 2009 meeting in Pittsburgh
NASA Scientists Find Clues to a Secret of Life
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 1 day (www.nasa.gov)
NASA scientists analyzing the dust of meteorites have discovered new clues to a long-standing mystery about how life works on its most basic, molecular level.
"We found more support for the idea that biological molecules, like amino acids, created in space and brought to Earth by meteorite impacts help explain why life is left-handed," said Dr. Daniel Glavin of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. "By that I mean why all known life uses only left-handed versions of amino acids to build proteins
Well-known enzyme is unexpected contributor to brain growth
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 week (www.eurekalert.org)
An enzyme researchers have studied for years because of its potential connections to cancer, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke, appears to have yet another major role to play: helping create and maintain the brain. When AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is denied to developing mouse embryos, brain size is cut in half.
Peering at proteins inside cells
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 week (www.nature.com)
The atomic structures of proteins at work inside cells can now be probed, thanks to researchers who have modified a technique that is already widely used in labs and for medical imaging. This, unlike other techniques, will allow researchers to examine the way different kinds of proteins interact in living systems.
What drove the cow mad? Lessons from a tiny fish
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 1 week (www.eurekalert.org)
For over twenty years, scientists have known that a normal protein in the brain, PrP, or prion protein, can turn harmful and cause deadly illnesses like Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle. What they could not explain is why large amounts of this normal protein are produced by our bodies in the first place
Drugs from Vegetables May Target Melanoma Tumors
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 week (news.yahoo.com)
A drug based on isothiocyanates extracted from cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage could offer a potent and safe treatment against melanoma, Penn State College of Medicine researchers say.
Recent mouse model experiments found that treatments involving both isothiocyanates and selenium reduced tumor growth by about sixty percent by interfering with a protein called Akt3.
The specific drug used in these tests was not an isothiocyanate, but a construct called isoselenocyanate
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