88 Articles with the topic: Biochemistry
Development and validation of a predictive model for chemotherapy-associated thrombosis
sea-maid submitted, created time 7 months 4 weeks (bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org)
Risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is elevated in cancer, but individual risk factors cannot identify a sufficiently high-risk group of outpatients for
thromboprophylaxis. The author developed a simple model for predicting chemotherapy-associated VTE using baseline clinical and laboratory variables. 
piggy submitted, created time 2 weeks 21 hours (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
Talk about Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Misfolded proteins known as prions cause mad cow disease and other fatal neurodegenerative illnesses. But in their properly folded form, the proteins may be important to survival, helping mice and other animals keep their sniffing skills sharp, new research shows.
Prions get the bad reputation--and the lion's share of research attention--but interest in the normal form of prion proteins is increasing
Nanoparticle Research Aids Drug Development
piggy submitted, created time 1 month 4 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have developed a new technology which can dramatically improve the effectiveness of antibacterial treatments.
Soluble drugs, soluble antibiotics in this case, that can dissolve in water tend to be more effective at lower doses, but these are rare. Insoluble drugs are more common, but they have to be administered at higher doses so that the patient will feel the same effect
Rhesus protein stops blood from becoming acidic
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 month 2 weeks (www.nature.com)
A protein similar to the Rhesus factor antigens that are used to determine the safety of blood transfusions removes acid from the blood and could have a role in regulating pH elsewhere in the body, too
New Anti-cancer Components of Extra-virgin Olive Oil Revealed
piggy submitted, created time 3 weeks 20 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
Good quality extra-virgin olive oil contains health-relevant chemicals, called "phytochemicals, that can trigger cancer cell death. New research sheds more light on the suspected association between olive oil-rich Mediterranean diets and reductions in breast cancer risk.
Javier Menendez from the Catalan Institute of Oncology and Antonio Segura-Carretero from the University of Granada in Spain led a team of researchers who set out to investigate which parts of olive oil were most active against cancer
New technique is quantum leap forward in understanding proteins
piggy submitted, created time 2 weeks 1 day (www.eurekalert.org)
In this ongoing quest, a group of Scripps Research Institute scientists, along with colleagues from the University of California, San Diego, (UCSD) have borrowed from physics to deliver one of those research rarities—an unmitigated success. The group has devised a computational method that, with remarkable accuracy, predicts how bacterial proteins fold and interact
Structure of New Botulism Nerve Toxin Subtype Revealed
piggy submitted, created time 6 days 7 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have determined the atomic-level structure of a third subtype of botulinum neurotoxin — a deadly toxin produced by certain bacteria that causes the disease botulism. It is also used in cosmetic and therapeutic applications such as reducing wrinkles and calming a hyperactive bladder
Scientists Pull Protein's Tail to Curtail Cancer
piggy submitted, created time 6 days 7 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
When researchers look inside human cancer cells for the whereabouts of an important tumor-suppressor, they often catch the protein playing hooky, lolling around in cellular broth instead of muscling its way out to the cells’ membranes and foiling cancer growth.
This phenomenon of delinquency puzzled scientists for a long time — until a cell biologist in the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine felt compelled to genetically grab the protein by the tail and then watched as it got back to work at tamping down disease
SRP Keeps Polypeptides Translocation-Competent
kavin submitted, created time 8 months 5 days (www.cell.com)
As we know, SRP is essential for targeting nascent chains to the endoplasmic reticulum, and it delays nascent chain elongation in cell-free translation systems. In this study, authors depleted mammalian cells of SRP14 by expressing mutant versions of the protein lacking the elongation arrest function. And they suggested that SRP can ensure that nascent chains remain translocation competent during the targeting time window dictated by SR. Since SRP-signal sequence affinities vary, the delay may also regulate which proteins are preferentially targeted.
sea-maid submitted, created time 7 months 4 weeks (www.jcb.org)
To explore SRP's role in vivo, the authors of this paper prepared a mutated version of human SRP14 that specifically lacked the delaying function.
SRP14's ability to bind to nascent peptides and to the SRP receptor remained intact. In cells that carried the mutant SRP, elongation sped up, but the final concentration of secreted protein dropped and growth suffered. Closer inspection revealed that translocation in these cells had slowed down and nascent peptide chains were being degraded.
Rosiglitazone-Associated Fractures in Type 2 Diabetes
jerry submitted, created time 7 months 3 weeks (care.diabetesjournals.org)
This is an analysis from a diabetes outcome progression trial.
It said that further investigation into the risk factors and underlying pathophysiology for the increased fracture rate in women taking rosiglitazone is required to relate them to preclinical data and better understand the clinical implications of and possible interventions for these findings
Fetal scalp sampling in labor--better for diagnosing hypoxia?
sea-maid submitted, created time 7 months 1 week (www.bmj.com)
Is scalp pH analysis more effective at diagnosing hypoxia in the fetus during labor than scalp lactate analysis? According to this randomised controlled multicenter trial of the two methods, acidemia at birth, operative interventions, low Apgar scores at five minutes, and admissions to neonatal intensive care units did not differ significantly. James P Neilson, professor of obstetrics and gynaecology, asks in an accompanying editorial if less invasive alternatives exist.
Tension gets chromosomes oriented
sea-maid submitted, created time 7 months 3 days (www.jcb.org)
Using grasshopper cells in meiosis, Bruce Nicklas and Carol Koch show that attachments of mono-oriented chromosomes can be stabilized using a glass needle to pull on one of the chromosomes.
Thus tension between two kinetochores, generated only in the bi-oriented state, might discriminate between correct and incorrect attachments.
A natural therapeutic agent for breast cancer
jerry submitted, created time 8 months 2 days (breast-cancer-research.com)
The flavone eupatorin, found in certain plants and used in folk medicine, selectively inhibits the growth of breast carcinoma cells through CYP1 family mediated metabolism, making it a potential chemopreventative candidate.
Protein quality control in the early secretory pathway
sea-maid submitted, created time 7 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)
The aim of this study is to discuss protein quality control in the early secretory pathway. From the abstract of this article, we know secretory proteins are scrutinized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi interface.
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