92 Articles with the topic: Biochemistry
Development and validation of a predictive model for chemotherapy-associated thrombosis
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 months 1 week (bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org)
Risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is elevated in cancer, but individual risk factors cannot identify a sufficiently high-risk group of outpatients for
thromboprophylaxis. The author developed a simple model for predicting chemotherapy-associated VTE using baseline clinical and laboratory variables. 
Nanoparticle Research Aids Drug Development
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 4 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have developed a new technology which can dramatically improve the effectiveness of antibacterial treatments.
Soluble drugs, soluble antibiotics in this case, that can dissolve in water tend to be more effective at lower doses, but these are rare. Insoluble drugs are more common, but they have to be administered at higher doses so that the patient will feel the same effect
Rhesus protein stops blood from becoming acidic
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 day 9 hours (www.nature.com)
A protein similar to the Rhesus factor antigens that are used to determine the safety of blood transfusions removes acid from the blood and could have a role in regulating pH elsewhere in the body, too
SRP Keeps Polypeptides Translocation-Competent
kavin submitted, created time 6 months 2 weeks (www.cell.com)
As we know, SRP is essential for targeting nascent chains to the endoplasmic reticulum, and it delays nascent chain elongation in cell-free translation systems. In this study, authors depleted mammalian cells of SRP14 by expressing mutant versions of the protein lacking the elongation arrest function. And they suggested that SRP can ensure that nascent chains remain translocation competent during the targeting time window dictated by SR. Since SRP-signal sequence affinities vary, the delay may also regulate which proteins are preferentially targeted.
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 months 1 week (www.jcb.org)
To explore SRP's role in vivo, the authors of this paper prepared a mutated version of human SRP14 that specifically lacked the delaying function.
SRP14's ability to bind to nascent peptides and to the SRP receptor remained intact. In cells that carried the mutant SRP, elongation sped up, but the final concentration of secreted protein dropped and growth suffered. Closer inspection revealed that translocation in these cells had slowed down and nascent peptide chains were being degraded.
Rosiglitazone-Associated Fractures in Type 2 Diabetes
jerry submitted, created time 6 months 1 week (care.diabetesjournals.org)
This is an analysis from a diabetes outcome progression trial.
It said that further investigation into the risk factors and underlying pathophysiology for the increased fracture rate in women taking rosiglitazone is required to relate them to preclinical data and better understand the clinical implications of and possible interventions for these findings
Fetal scalp sampling in labor--better for diagnosing hypoxia?
sea-maid submitted, created time 5 months 2 weeks (www.bmj.com)
Is scalp pH analysis more effective at diagnosing hypoxia in the fetus during labor than scalp lactate analysis? According to this randomised controlled multicenter trial of the two methods, acidemia at birth, operative interventions, low Apgar scores at five minutes, and admissions to neonatal intensive care units did not differ significantly. James P Neilson, professor of obstetrics and gynaecology, asks in an accompanying editorial if less invasive alternatives exist.
Tension gets chromosomes oriented
sea-maid submitted, created time 5 months 2 weeks (www.jcb.org)
Using grasshopper cells in meiosis, Bruce Nicklas and Carol Koch show that attachments of mono-oriented chromosomes can be stabilized using a glass needle to pull on one of the chromosomes.
Thus tension between two kinetochores, generated only in the bi-oriented state, might discriminate between correct and incorrect attachments.
A natural therapeutic agent for breast cancer
jerry submitted, created time 6 months 2 weeks (breast-cancer-research.com)
The flavone eupatorin, found in certain plants and used in folk medicine, selectively inhibits the growth of breast carcinoma cells through CYP1 family mediated metabolism, making it a potential chemopreventative candidate.
Protein quality control in the early secretory pathway
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 months 4 days (www.nature.com)
The aim of this study is to discuss protein quality control in the early secretory pathway. From the abstract of this article, we know secretory proteins are scrutinized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi interface.
Role of excited electronic states in the high-pressure amorphization of benzene
sea-maid submitted, created time 5 months 2 weeks (www.pnas.org)
This study has provided us a fundamental but still unsolved question which concerns how the electronic excited states are involved in the high-pressure reactivity of molecular systems. But the present results provide a unified picture of the chemical reactivity of benzene at high pressure.
Reactive Oxygen Species Special Feature
sea-maid submitted, created time 5 months 3 days (www.pnas.org)
Dioxygen is a highly important, yet toxic, molecule that reacts in vivo to produce reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, peroxides, hydroxyl radicals, and other related species.
sea-maid submitted, created time 4 months 2 weeks (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
The first chemical lab results beamed back from the Phoenix lander in the deathly cold martian arctic show that life could get along just fine there, given a bit of liquid water. But there's still no evidence that organisms could have populated the area in the past.
Cytokines and their relationship to the symptoms and outcome of cancer
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 weeks 3 days (www.nature.com)
Tumors contain immune cells and a network of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which collaborate in the development and progression of cancer. Cytokine profiles might prove to be prognostic. The systemic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with fatigue, depression and cognitive impairment, and can affect quality of life before, during and after treatment. In people with advanced cancer, pro-inflammatory cytokines are additionally associated with anorexia and cachexia, pain, toxicity of treatment and resistance to treatment
Baby toiletries linked to chemical risk
Sue Wu submitted, created time 9 months 2 weeks (www.usatoday.com)
Parents who use baby powder, lotion or shampoo on their infants may unknowingly expose their children to controversial chemicals with hormone-like effects, a study shows.
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