1415 Articles with the topic: Cell Biology
piggy submitted, created time 1 day 1 hour (www.eurekalert.org)
The enzyme machine that translates a cell's DNA code into the proteins of life is nothing if not an editorial perfectionist.
Johns Hopkins researchers, reporting this week in Nature, have discovered a new proofreading step during which the suite of translational tools called the ribosome recognizes errors, just after making them, and definitively responds by hitting its version of a delete button 
Hope of insulin cell transplant
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 days 9 hours (news.bbc.co.uk)
Scientists working towards pancreatic cell transplants as a cure for diabetes have taken the first step to getting around the problem of immune rejection.
Scientists can now differentiate between healthy cells and cancer cells
piggy submitted, created time 2 days 19 hours (www.eurekalert.org)
One of the current handicaps of cancer treatments is the difficulty of aiming these treatments at destroying malignant cells without killing healthy cells in the process. But a new study by McMaster University researchers has provided insight into how scientists might develop therapies and drugs that more carefully target cancer, while sparing normal healthy cells
Mick Bhatia, scientific director of the McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute in the Michael G
Fusing Embryonic Stem Cells with Adult Cells Using Highly Efficient New Fusing System
piggy submitted, created time 3 days 20 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
MIT engineers have developed a new, highly efficient way to pair up cells so they can be fused together into a hybrid cell.
The new technique should make it much easier for scientists to study what happens when two cells are combined. For example, fusing an adult cell and an embryonic stem cell allows researchers to study the genetic reprogramming that occurs in such hybrids
Scientists Identify New Congenital Neutropenia Syndrome and Causative Gene Mutation
piggy submitted, created time 5 days 1 hour (www.nih.gov)
A team of scientists has discovered a new syndrome associated with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), a rare disorder in which children lack sufficient infection-fighting white cells, and identified the genetic cause of the syndrome: mutations in the gene Glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic subunit 3 (G6PC3). The findings, which are published in the Jan
Dormant cancer cells rely on cellular self-cannibalization to survive
piggy submitted, created time 6 days 7 hours (www.eurekalert.org)
A single tumor-suppressing gene is a key to understanding, and perhaps killing, dormant ovarian cancer cells that persist after initial treatment only to reawaken years later, researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report in the December Journal of Clinical Investigation.
The team found that expression of a gene called ARHI acts as a switch for autophagy, or self-cannibalization, in ovarian cancer cells. Often a mechanism for cancer cell death, in this case "self-eating" acts as a survival mechanism for dormant cancer cells
Brain Birth Defects Successfully Reversed Through Stem Cell Therapy
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 2 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
Scientists at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have succeeded in reversing brain birth defects in animal models, using stem cells to replace defective brain cells.
The work of Prof. Joseph Yanai and his associates at the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School was presented at the Tel Aviv Stem Cells Conference last spring and is expected to be presented and published nest year at the seventh annual meeting of the International Society for Stem Cell Research in Barcelona, Spain.
Involved in the project with Prof. Yanai are Prof
How Certain Vegetables Combat Cancer
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 3 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
Women should go for the broccoli when the relish tray comes around during holiday celebrations this season.
While it has been known for some time that eating cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage, can help prevent breast cancer, the mechanism by which the active substances in these vegetables inhibit cell proliferation was unknown — until now
Recipe for capturing authentic embryonic stem cells may apply to any mammal, study suggests
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 6 days (www.eurekalert.org)
Researchers have what they think may be a basic recipe for capturing and maintaining indefinitely the most fundamental of embryonic stem cells from essentially any mammal, including cows, pigs and even humans. Two new studies reported in the December 26th issue of the journal Cell, a Cell Press publication, show that a cocktail first demonstrated to work in mice earlier this year, which includes inhibitory chemicals, also can be used to successfully isolate embryonic stem cells from rats.
Authentic rat embryonic stem cells had never before been established
New embryonic stem cells ratted out
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 weeks 6 hours (www.sciencenews.org)
Scientists have finally succeeded in deriving embryonic stem cells from rats, providing the research community with a new tool for modeling human disease. The method used may prove to be a general recipe to create stem cells from many different animals, the researchers say. The findings appear in two companion papers in the Dec. 26 Cell.
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 weeks 6 days (www.sciencenews.org)
A study on yeast organisms reveals checkpoints in the aging process: the buildup of certain lipids and fatty acids, and the health of the cell's powerhouses. Drugs could target these checkpoints.
Researchers advance knowledge of little nano-machines in our bodies
piggy submitted, created time 2 weeks 6 days (www.eurekalert.org)
A discovery by Canada-U.S. biophysicists will improve the understanding of ion channels, akin to little "nano-machines" or "nano-valves" in our body, which when they malfunction can cause genetic illnesses that attack muscles, the central nervous system and the heart.
As reported in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), researchers from the Université de Montréal and the University of Chicago have developed a novel method to detect the movement of single proteins that control the ion exchange between the cells and their environment
SCIENTISTS STUDY HOW ASBESTOS FIBERS TRIGGER CANCER IN HUMAN CELLS
piggy submitted, created time 2 weeks 6 days (researchnews.osu.edu)
Ohio State University scientists believe they are the first in the world to study the molecular underpinnings of cancer by probing individual bonds between an asbestos fiber and human cells.
Though any clinical application is years away, the researchers hope their findings could aid in drug development efforts targeting illnesses caused by excessive exposure to asbestos, including the deadly cancer called mesothelioma.
The researchers use atomic force microscopy to observe how a single asbestos fiber binds with a specific receptor protein on cell surfaces
Preventing a broken heart: Research aims to reduce scarring from heart attacks
piggy submitted, created time 3 weeks 3 days (www.eurekalert.org)
A heart damaged by heart attack is usually broken, at least partially, for good. The injury causes excessive scar tissue to form, and this plays a role in permanently keeping heart muscle from working at full capacity.
Now researchers have identified a key molecule involved in controlling excessive scar tissue formation in mice following a heart attack. When they stopped the scarring from occurring, the scientists found that the animals' heart function greatly improved following the injury
Biologist Modifies Theory of Cells' Engines
piggy submitted, created time 3 weeks 4 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
Biologists have known for decades that cells use tiny molecular motors to move chromosomes, mitochondria, and many other organelles within the cell, but no one has been able to understand what "steers" these engines to their destinations. Now, researchers at the University of Rochester have shed new light on how cells accomplish this feat, and the results may eventually lead to new approaches to fighting pathogens and neurological diseases
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