41 Articles with the topic: Developmental Biology
Key to Regulation of Puberty Discovered
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 weeks 6 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
A team of scientists from the University of Cambridge and the University of Cukurova in Turkey have taken a major step to understanding how the brain controls the onset of puberty. 
The branching program of mouse lung development
kavin submitted, created time 8 months 1 day (www.nature.com)
Mammalian lungs are branched networks containing thousands to millions of airways arrayed in intricate patterns that are crucial for respiration. The paper presents the complete three-dimensional branching pattern and lineage of the mouse bronchial tree, reconstructed from an analysis of hundreds of developmental intermediates. It also proposes that each mode of branching is controlled by a genetically encoded subroutine, a series of local patterning and morphogenesis operations.
FoxJ1 Helps Cilia Beat a Path to Asymmetry
piggy submitted, created time 1 month 3 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
New work at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies reveals how a genetic switch, known as FoxJ1, helps developing embryos tell their left from their right. While at first glance the right and left sides of our bodies are identical to each other, this symmetry is only skin-deep. Below the surface, some of our internal organs are shifted sideways—heart and stomach to the left, liver and appendix to the right.
Creating this left-right asymmetry is a key step in early embryonic development, and requires hundreds of tiny hairlike structures called nodal cilia to beat in unison
Genetic Patterning in Fruit Fly Development Identified
piggy submitted, created time 4 weeks 11 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
No matter the species, from flies to humans, we all start the same: a single-cell fertilized egg that embarks on an incredible journey. The specifics of this journey are being uncovered at Rutgers University-Camden, where a biologist is researching how from one cell a jumble of many are able to organize and communicate, allowing life to spring forth.
According to Nir Yakoby, a recently appointed assistant professor of biology at Rutgers–Camden, his work on cell communication is a lot like genetic play dough
Snails and humans use same genes to tell right from left
piggy submitted, created time 2 weeks 3 days (www.eurekalert.org)
Biologists have tracked down genes that control the handedness of snail shells, and they turn out to be similar to the genes used by humans to set up the left and right sides of the body.
The finding, reported online in advance of publication in Nature by University of California, Berkeley, researchers, indicates that the same genes have been responsible for establishing the left-right asymmetry of animals for 500-650 million years, originating in the last common ancestor of all animals with bilateral body organization, creatures that include everything from worms to humans
Scrawny gene keeps stem cells healthy
piggy submitted, created time 1 day 20 hours (www.eurekalert.org)
Stem cells are the body's primal cells, retaining the youthful ability to develop into more specialized types of cells over many cycles of cell division. How do they do it? Scientists at the Carnegie Institution have identified a gene, named scrawny, that appears to be a key factor in keeping a variety of stem cells in their undifferentiated state. Understanding how stem cells maintain their potency has implications both for our knowledge of basic biology and also for medical applications. The results will be published in the January 9, 2009 print edition of Science
Spotlight on stem cell tracking
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 months 3 weeks (www.nature.com)
Making and employing stem cells is hard enough, but observing them is a whole other pack of trouble. This interview with cell imaging guru Timm Schroeder highlights how tough it can be to highlight stem cells in action. In particular, Schroeder talks of the applications of continuous observation. As it turns out, one of the biggest problems is keeping the specimen from moving.
How chromosomes meet in the dark -- Switch that turns on X chromosome matchmaking
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 week 4 days (esciencenews.com)
A research group lead by scientists at the University of Warwick has discovered the trigger that pulls X chromosomes in female cells together at a crucial stage of embryo development. Thisr discovery could also provide new insights into how other similar chromosomes spontaneously recognize each other and are bound together at key parts of analogous cell processes. This is an important milestone because the binding together of too many or too few of a particular chromosome can cause medical conditions such as Down's Syndrome and Turner's Syndrome
Love can be seen in a different light
Sue Wu submitted, created time 8 months 5 days (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
For people, ultraviolet B (UVB) is an invisible, cancer-causing ray to be blocked with sunscreen and dark glasses, but for a species of jumping spider, the light sets a romantic mood.
Developmental defects in a zebrafish model for muscular dystrophies
kavin submitted, created time 7 months 3 weeks (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
In this paper, the authors have found that downregulating FKRP in zebrafish results in embryos that develop a range of abnormalities reminiscent of the developmental defects observed in human muscular dystrophies associated with mutations in FKRP.
piggy submitted, created time 3 weeks 6 days (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
Puberty is a puzzle for teenagers and researchers alike. Although scientists can explain part of the process that turns children into adults, no one knows exactly what triggers it. Now a team has identified a hormone that helps tell the brain when "it's time!" The find could have broader implications for fertility treatments, contraceptives, and even fighting cancer.
It's no secret that teenagers have raging hormones
Sue Wu submitted, created time 10 months 3 weeks (www.sciam.com)
Researchers are revealing hidden complexities behind the simple act of kissing, which relays powerful messages to your brain, body and partner
Newly discovered molecular switch helps decide cell type in early embryo development
sea-maid submitted, created time 4 months 4 weeks (www.eurekalert.org)
Researchers have discovered a central molecular switch in fruit fly embryos that opens new avenues for studying the causes of birth defects and cancer in humans. Writing about their study in the Aug. 12 Developmental Cell, scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center determined the switch to be a main tuning mechanism for instructing cells whether to form sensory nerves or blood cells in different parts of the body.
Canine Behavioral Genetics: Pointing Out the Phenotypes and Herding up the Genes
Sue Wu submitted, created time 11 months 3 weeks (www.ajhg.org)
"An astonishing amount of behavioral variation is captured within the more than 350 breeds of dog recognized worldwide. Inherent in observations of dog behavior is the notion that much of what is observed is breed specific and will persist, even in the absence of training or motivation."
"Three-parent" technique: mitochondrial replacement could prevent muscular dystrophy and epilepsy
Darkfrog submitted, created time 11 months 2 days (news.nationalgeographic.com)
It sounds more impressive than it is -- they've replaced the mitochondria, not portions of the somatic DNA.
A team at Newcastle University has constructed ten embryos, presumably viable, that hold DNA from one man and two women. Doctors see this technique as a means by which parents carrying genetic diseases may have their own (mostly) genetic offspring without going all the way to sperm donors, egg donors or surrogates
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