401 Articles with the topic: Infectious Diseases


Studies show that behavior modification works in the fight against AIDS
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 month 1 day (www.nytimes.com)
When I first read this headline, I thought that "behavior modification" meant only telling people to stop having sex, but it seems that delaying sex, using condoms and stopping drug abuse are here considered behavior modification as well.
"One is misplaced pessimism about the effectiveness of H.I.V. prevention strategies. A second is confusing the difficulty in changing human behavior with an inability to do so." Yeah, sing it! "They won't stop having sex just because we tell them to," does seem to be the assumption on the liberal side. It seems that, in this case, humility is misplaced. 


Is religion good for your health?
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 month 3 days (www.nature.com)
Science and religion, anyone? Come now, stifle those yawns. A paper published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B1 this week claims to offer a fresh perspective, with the startling suggestion that religion is a way to protect us from disease.
The general idea behind this theory — that religion is mainly a social construct — is actually much older than the authors, Corey Fincher and Randy Thornhill of the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque, acknowledge 


Black Americans have higher rates of HIV than some African countries
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 month 1 week (www.nytimes.com)
According to the Black AIDS Institute, the United States may have a lower incidence of HIV than other countries overall, but U.S. blacks, considered alone, aren't so lucky. With 600,000 African-Americans living with HIV and 30,000 new infections each year, if American blacks were a country on their own, they would rank sixteenth worldwide. What's more, infected blacks are much more likely to die than infected whites, after adjusting for age (the article does not say that it adjusted for socioeconomic status) 


Parasitic worms may boost African HIV rates.
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 month 1 week (www.newscientist.com)
ONE of the biggest mysteries of HIV is why the virus spreads so readily via heterosexual sex in Africa but not elsewhere. A study in monkeys suggests parasitic worms may be to blame. 


Parasitic worms may help fuel AIDS epidemic: study
kavin submitted, created time 1 month 1 week (www.reuters.com)
People infected with parasitic worms may be much more susceptible to the AIDS virus, according to a study published on Tuesday that may help explain why HIV has hit sub-Saharan Africa particularly hard.
The study involving monkeys demonstrated how a type of parasitic worm that causes schistosomiasis, which affects 200 million people globally, may make HIV infection more likely.
Much lower amounts of the AIDS virus--seventeen times lower--were needed to cause infection in monkeys who had the parasitic worms than in the parasite-free monkeys, the researchers said 
jerry submitted, created time 1 month 2 weeks (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
It seems like common sense: Reduce insect populations, and insect-borne diseases will decline as well. But a new study of dengue, a viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, suggests the opposite. Controlling mosquitoes may result in more cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a rare and sometimes fatal disease caused by the virus.
Researchers think that tens of millions of people in the tropics become infected with the dengue virus each year. The pathogen can spur dengue fever, which is marked by agonizing muscle and joint pains but is rarely fatal 


HIV gene is a mixed blessing for carriers
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 month 2 weeks (www.newscientist.com)
A GENETIC mutation common in African Americans slows the progression of HIV, yet paradoxically increases the risk of contracting the virus in the first place.
A clue that race-specific genes are involved in HIV came in 2002, when Sunil Ahuja of the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio and colleagues discovered a mutation in the CCL5 gene that accelerates the progression of HIV-1, the most common form of the virus. Though the mutation was found in people of all races, it only accelerated the disease in Americans of European descent 


Government HIV vaccine doesn't make it out the gate
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 month 2 weeks (www.nytimes.com)
Plans for a large-scale clinical trial of an HIV vaccine developed by the U.S. government were cancelled this week. The researchers fear jumping into human trials too soon, without knowing more about how their vaccine will affect the volunteers. Here is a quote:
"The trial canceled Thursday was supposed to have started enrolling 8,500 volunteers last October to receive the PAVE [Partnership for AIDS Vaccine Evaluation] vaccine, developed by the infectious diseases agency 
kavin submitted, created time 1 month 2 weeks (www.news-medical.net)
Some people may be naturally resistant to infection with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The results of a study conducted by Dr. Nicole Bernard of the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) bring us closer to a genetic explanation. Her study findings were published on July 16 in the journal AIDS.
The simultaneous expression of certain versions of two specific genes called KIR3DL1 and HLA-B*57 is thought to be at the root of some cases of this innate resistance to HIV infection 
Rotavirus vaccine proves highly effective
lily1984 submitted, created time 2 months 1 week (www.latimes.com)
The highly contagious human rotavirus is the leading cause of severe vomiting and diarrhea in infants and young children around the world, killing 600,000 children annually.
A rotavirus vaccine approved in 2006 is having a significant impact in the United States, delaying the onset of the rotavirus season by three months and reducing its severity by about half, federal officials said Wednesday 


Alzheimer's Risk Factor Also Aids HIV
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 months 2 weeks (www.sciencemag.org)
The defective lipid carrier apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) has accumulated a nasty record. Not only are people who have the gene for apoE4 famously predisposed to Alzheimer's disease, but the same risk factor can also worsen several nervous system disorders and promote cardiovascular disease. A study out this week suggests that apoE4 also hastens the death of people infected with HIV, possibly by allowing the virus easy entry into cells. 


jerry submitted, created time 2 months 2 weeks (www.time.com)
Doctors have long suspected that people with herpes are more likely to catch HIV. So they thought that by treating herpes, they could also cut a person's HIV risk. But a new study that tested this strategy found the assumption may have been wrong. 


Research organisations join forces to develop treatments for neglected diseases
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 months 2 weeks (www.bmj.com)
Two research organisations based in Paris, the Institute of Research for Development and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, have announced that they will work together to develop new candidate drugs to treat visceral leishmaniasis, Chagas's disease, and sleeping sickness. 


Study: Treating herpes doesn't prevent HIV
kavin submitted, created time 2 months 2 weeks (hosted.ap.org)
Doctors have long suspected that people with herpes are more likely to catch HIV. So they thought that by treating herpes, they could also cut a person's HIV risk. But a new study that tested this strategy found the assumption may have been wrong. 


Coinfection of tuberculosis and HIV poses global threat
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 months 3 weeks (www.bmj.com)
The interaction between the twin pandemics of HIV and TB could soon become a "threat to global health security," particularly with the emergence of almost untreatable strains of TB, experts at a United Nations forum have said. 