112 Articles with the topic: Neurological Disorders
A structural–functional basis for dyslexia in the cortex of Chinese readers
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 months 6 days (www.pnas.org)
This study tell us that the scientists have found different structural and functional abnormalities in dyslexic readers of Chinese, a nonalphabetic language. Compared with normally developing controls, children with impaired reading in logographic Chinese exhibited reduced gray matter volume in a left middle frontal gyrus region previously shown to be important for Chinese reading and writing. 
Therapeutic application of histone deacetylase inhibitors for central nervous system disorders
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 month 2 days (www.nature.com)
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) — enzymes that affect the acetylation status of histones and other important cellular proteins — have been recognized as potentially useful therapeutic targets for a broad range of human disorders. Pharmacological manipulations using small-molecule HDAC inhibitors — which may restore transcriptional balance to neurons, modulate cytoskeletal function, affect immune responses and enhance protein degradation pathways — have been beneficial in various experimental models of brain diseases
Ginkgo Biloba Does Not Reduce Dementia Risk, Study Shows
piggy submitted, created time 2 days 7 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
The medicinal herb Ginkgo biloba does not reduce the risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease development in either the healthy elderly or those with mild cognitive impairment, according to a large multicenter trial led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
Findings from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study, which is the first to have the necessary participant numbers and monitoring years to enable measurement of G. biloba's effectiveness and safety profile in dementia prevention, were just published in the Journal of the American Medical Association
Neurodegenerative disease: Giving survival a boost
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 days 7 hours (www.nature.com)
Although it is the selective death of motor neurons that ultimately causes the symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the disease also renders other spinal cord cells, including astrocytes, dysfunctional. Maragakis and colleagues have now shown that the replacement of damaged astrocytes through precursor cell transplantation might be a useful therapeutic strategy for ALS.
The authors transplanted glial restricted precursors (GRPs) into the grey matter of the spinal cord in a transgenic rat model of ALS
Sixty-four cases of measels in the U.S., all but one in unvaccinated patients
Darkfrog submitted, created time 6 months 2 weeks (www.nytimes.com)
Measels is on the rise in the U.S. There have been sixty-four cases this year alone. Only one of these patients can be shown to have had the vaccine. There have been no fatalities so far.
Sixteen of these children are from families who declined vaccination for religious or other resasons, including fear of autism
Strong Education Blunts Effects of Alzheimer's Disease, Study Suggests
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 3 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
A test that reveals brain changes believed to be at the heart of Alzheimer's disease has bolstered the theory that education can delay the onset of the dementia and cognitive decline that are characteristic of the disorder.
Scientists at the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis found that some study participants who appeared to have the brain plaques long associated with Alzheimer's disease still received high scores on tests of their cognitive ability
Enzyme Discovery May Lead to Better Heart and Stroke Treatments
piggy submitted, created time 1 day 5 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
A Queen's University study sheds new light on the way one of our cell enzymes, implicated in causing tissue damage after heart attacks and strokes, is normally kept under control.
Led by Biochemistry professor Peter Davies, the research team's discovery will be useful in developing new drug treatments that can aid recovery in stroke and heart disease, as well as lessen the effects of Alzheimer's and other neurologically degenerative diseases
Prions are usefull for disease
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 months 3 weeks (www.jcb.org)
The results of recent investigatoins suggest that normal prions might exert their protective effect on neurons by switching off a particular subset of NMDA receptors that contain a subunit called NR2D. The work also suggests a mechanism for the brain damage caused by prion diseases. Malformed prions coax normal molecules to misfold. As the amount of normal protein falls, neurons lose their protectors and become more vulnerable to death by overstimulation.
Making older Schwann cells young again
sea-maid submitted, created time 6 months 9 hours (www.jcb.org)
Myelin-making Schwann cells have an ability that make people become young again. The author performed some research about why myelin production falters in some diseases.
Alzheimer's Risk Factor Also Aids HIV
sea-maid submitted, created time 4 months 4 weeks (www.sciencemag.org)
The defective lipid carrier apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) has accumulated a nasty record. Not only are people who have the gene for apoE4 famously predisposed to Alzheimer's disease, but the same risk factor can also worsen several nervous system disorders and promote cardiovascular disease. A study out this week suggests that apoE4 also hastens the death of people infected with HIV, possibly by allowing the virus easy entry into cells.
Study finds good cholesterol may fight dementia
lily1984 submitted, created time 4 months 3 weeks (www.wsls.com)
Having low levels of HDL, or good cholesterol, does more than increase your risk for heart disease. It may also increase your risk for dementia.
Researchers at University College London analyzed blood samples and memory test results from over 35 hundred older adults. The study participants were followed for at least seven years. They found adults with low levels of HDL had an increased risk for dementia.
For example, participants with low HDL at age 55 had a 27% increased risk for the disease compared to those with high levels
Early pregnancy trauma boosts schizophrenia risk
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 months 4 hours (www.newscientist.com)
Excessive stress is never a good thing, but new research suggests that children of women who suffered severe psychological stress during early pregnancy are more likely to develop schizophrenia. ...
Gene mutations reveal schizophrenia's complexity
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 months 4 hours (www.newscientist.com)
The three largest genetic schizophrenia studies to date have uncovered several ways in which changes to the genome may increase the risk of developing the condition.
The studies bring to light several common variations that increase the risk slightly, and rarer ones that raise it significantly, researchers say.
Alzheimer's Gene Slows Brain's Ability to Export Toxic Protein
piggy submitted, created time 1 week 4 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
The only known genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease slows down the brain's ability to export a toxic protein known as amyloid-beta that is central to the damage the disease causes, scientists have found.
The research, published Nov. 13 by the Journal of Clinical Investigation, provides new clues into the workings of a protein known as apolipoprotein E4, or ApoE4. People who carry two copies of the gene have roughly eight to ten times the risk of getting Alzheimer's disease than people who do not
Sharp-witted elderly shed insight on dementia
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 days 5 hours (www.msnbc.msn.com)
People who manage to keep a razor-sharp memory well into their 80s appear to have fewer fiber-like tangles of a protein linked with Alzheimer's than those who age normally, U.S. researchers said on Sunday.
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