169 Articles with the topic: Physiology
SCIENTISTS USE BED BUGS’ OWN CHEMISTRY AGAINST THEM
piggy submitted, created time 9 months 2 weeks (researchnews.osu.edu)
Scientists here have determined that combining bed bugs’ own chemical signals with a common insect control agent makes that treatment more effective at killing the bugs.
The researchers found that stirring up the bed bugs by spraying their environment with synthetic versions of their alarm pheromones makes them more likely to walk through agents called desiccant dusts, which kill the bugs by making them highly susceptible to dehydration.
A blend of two pheromones applied in concert with a silica gel desiccant dust proved to be the most lethal combination. 
Time series identify population responses to climate change
piggy submitted, created time 9 months 2 weeks (www.eurekalert.org)
Biologists have for several years modeled how different species are likely to respond to climate change. Most such studies ignore differences between populations within a species and the interactions between species, in the interest of simplicity. An article in the June issue of BioScience, by Eric Post of Pennsylvania State University and five colleagues, shows how these limitations can be avoided. Their approach, which relies on multi-stage analyses of how populations fluctuate over time, could allow biologists to model responses to climate change with improved accuracy
Nervous system may be culprit in deadly muscle disease
piggy submitted, created time 9 months 2 weeks (www.eurekalert.org)
Brain may win out over brawn as the primary cause of breathing problems in children with a severe form of muscular dystrophy known as Pompe disease.
Researchers at the Powell Gene Therapy Center at the University of Florida have discovered that signals from the brain to the diaphragm — the muscle that controls breathing — are too weak to initiate healthy respiration in mouse models of the disease
Using Night Vision Technology To Learn More About Lymphatic System
piggy submitted, created time 10 months 1 week (www.sciencedaily.com)
The director of the new Center for Molecular Imaging at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston is using near-infrared night vision technology made famous by American soldiers in the First Gulf War to shed light on the lymphatic system.
While much is known about the blood system, Eva Sevick, Ph.D
Baby's First Dreams: Sleep Cycles of the Fetus
piggy submitted, created time 11 months 4 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
After about seven months growing in the womb, a human fetus spends most of its time asleep. Its brain cycles back and forth between the frenzied activity of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and the quiet resting state of non-REM sleep. But whether the brains of younger, immature fetuses cycle with sleep or are simply inactive has remained a mystery until now
Early Brain Marker for Familial Form of Depression: Structural Changes in Brain's Cortex
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 2 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Findings from one of the largest-ever imaging studies of depression indicate that a structural difference in the brain – a thinning of the right hemisphere – appears to be linked to a higher risk for depression, according to new research at Columbia University Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute.
Natural Brain Substance Blocks Weight Gain in Mice, Researchers Discover
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.sciencedaily.com)
Mice with increased levels of a natural brain chemical don't gain weight when fed a high-fat diet, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found.
The chemical, orexin, works by increasing the body's sensitivity to the "weight-loss hormone," leptin, the researchers report.
Finding a way to boost the orexin system may prove useful as a therapy against obesity, said Dr. Masashi Yanagisawa, professor of molecular genetics at UT Southwestern and senior author of the study, which appears in the January issue of Cell Metabolism.
Smoking ups risk of common heart rhythm problem
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 2 months (www.reuters.com)
Offering yet another reason to never start smoking, a new study finds that both current and former smokers run an elevated risk of the heart rhythm disorder atrial fibrillation.
The condition, also known as AF, is the most common heart arrhythmia in the U.S., affecting about two million people. During an episode of AF, abnormal electrical activity in the heart causes its upper two chambers to beat in a rapid, uncoordinated rhythm; the arrhythmia itself is not life-threatening, but over time AF can contribute to stroke or heart failure in some people
A natural reprogramming system
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 6 months (www.nature.com)
In fruit flies--and presumably other pupating insects--specialized cells revert to multipotency as the larva prepares to transform into an adult. We had thought that the differentiated larval cells simply died during this process, and many of them do, but it does seem that some can regain some pluripotency.
The way they figured this out is particularly vivid. By modifying the cells in the larvae's tracheae to glow green, researchers were able to track their destinations and daughter cells.
We already knew that some human cells were able to perform similar feats
Madness: Price of a Big Brain?
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 7 months (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
A new study suggests that the debilitating disease schizophrenia may be a byproduct of the genetic changes that fueled the evolution of the expansive human brain. The idea, still preliminary, is that the massive energy demands of the brain may make it vulnerable to mutations in metabolism-related genes.
Time in the Sun: How Much Is Needed for Vitamin D?
lily1984 submitted, created time 1 year 8 months (health.usnews.com)
Coinciding with the first week of summer, a study published today underscores the importance of getting adequate amounts of sunlight for its vitamin D-boosting benefits. The research, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, shows that those with the lowest vitamin D levels have more than double the risk of dying from heart disease and other causes over an eight-year period compared with those with the highest vitamin D levels. The researchers cite "decreased outdoor activity" as one reason that people may become deficient in vitamin D
Sexual orientation of an individual is the result of shape of brain!
ariel submitted, created time 1 year 8 months (www.healthjockey.com)
Popes and scientist can put their debate on homosexuality to rest. While priests argued that homosexuality was a matter of choice and a sin, scientists were still finding a reason behind the ‘similars attract’ phenomena in homosexuals.
Finally a simple discovery resulting from brain scan has unveiled the reason behind the same sex attraction in gays and lesbians.
It has been found that shape of the human brain is the reason behind an individual’s sexual orientation
Removal of "superfluous" retina creates (time) blind mice...
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.nature.com)
Removing a certain type of retinal cell from lab mice doesn't make them go blind, but it does shake up their body clocks; they quickly slip into a 23.5 hour cycle--the same as unaltered mice in total darkness. They also lost their ability to regulate pupil size, but not their other visual abilities, such as judging how far to jump to make it across a gap. This suggests that these melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) concern the detection of light, not the processing of visual information.
What I'm curious about now is whether blind humans do or do not have this problem
Acute and chronic effects of vitamin C on endothelial fibrinolytic capacity
kavin submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
The authors determined the effects of acute intra-arterial vitamin C administration and chronic oral vitamin C supplementation on the capacity of the endothelium to release t-PA in overweight and obese adults. Their results indicate that the antioxidant vitamin C favorably affects the capacity of the endothelium to release t-PA in overweight/obese adults. Daily vitamin C supplementation represents an effective lifestyle intervention strategy for improving endothelial fibrinolytic regulation in this at-risk population.
LlLIM1 mediates Ca and H regulation of actin dynamics in pollen tubes
kavin submitted, created time 1 year 9 months (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
The researchers explored the function of a lily (Lilium longiflorum) pollen-enriched LIM-domain-containing protein, LlLIM1, in regulating the actin dynamics in elongating pollen tube. Co-sedimentation assays revealed that the binding affinity of LlLIM1 to F-actin was simultaneously regulated both by pH and Ca(2+): LlLIM1 showed a preference for F-actin binding under low pH and low Ca(2+) concentration.
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