251 Articles with the topic: Plant Biology
Unlocking Genetic Diversity Of Rice
sea-maid submitted, created time 7 months 1 week (www.sciencedaily.com)
By looking at what different types of rice have in common, a team of international scientists is unlocking rice’s genetic diversity to help conserve it and find valuable rice genes to help improve rice production. 
sea-maid submitted, created time 7 months 3 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Plant roots provide the crops we eat with water, nutrients and anchorage. Understanding how roots grow and how hormones control that growth is crucial to improving crop yields, which will be necessary to address food security and produce better biofuels.
Nitrogen Research Shows How Some Plants Invade, Take Over Others
sea-maid submitted, created time 8 months 6 days (www.sciencedaily.com)
Biologists know that when plants battle for space, often the actual battle is for getting the nitrogen.
Sexual gene shuffling suppressed in plants
sea-maid submitted, created time 9 months 4 days (www.nature.com)
Asexual cell division could hold the key to a breakthrough in plant breeding.
Boost for conservation of plant gene assets
sea-maid submitted, created time 9 months 1 week (www.nature.com)
Financial worries accompany award of first grants under international treaty.
piggy submitted, created time 9 months 3 weeks (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
You might expect the scene of the world's worst nuclear disaster to be a barren wasteland. But trees, bushes, and vines overtake abandoned streets surrounding the Chernobyl nuclear power facility in the Ukraine. Now, researchers say they've discovered changes in the proteins of soybeans grown near Chernobyl that could explain how plants survive despite chronic radiation exposure. The findings could one day help researchers engineer radiation-resistant crops.
How Plants Protect Us From Disease
sea-maid submitted, created time 10 months 2 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Everyday foods, beverages, and spices contain healthful compounds that help us fight harmful inflammation. And, in doing that, these phytochemicals—the resveratrol in red wine or the catechins in green, white and black teas, for instance—may also reduce our risk of diseases associated with chronic inflammation, including cancer and diabetes.
Plant Gene Mapping May Lead to Better Biofuel Production
sea-maid submitted, created time 10 months 3 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
By creating a family tree of genes expressed in one form of woody plant and a less woody, herbaceous species, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have uncovered clues that may help them engineer plants more amenable to biofuel production.
Plant Biologists Discover Gene That Switches On "Essence of Male"
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 2 weeks (www.sciencedaily.com)
Biologists at the University of Leicester have published results of a new study into plant sex--and discovered that a particular gene switches on "the essence of male." The study takes to a new level understanding of the genes needed for successful plant reproduction and seed production.
Unlike animal cells, in which the female body nourishes the growing embryo, plant species require two sperm cells for fertilization--one provides genetic material and the other develops into the nutrient-rich endosperm.
Scientists grow diabetes drug in tobacco plants
sea-maid submitted, created time 11 months 3 weeks (www.reuters.com)
Scientists have found a healthy use for tobacco after breeding genetically modified plants containing interleukin 10, which could interfere with the progression of type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune conditions.
The process of growing medicines through genetically modified plants, called molecular farming, is projected to be cheaper than traditional factory methods. The article also quotes University of Verona scientist Mario Pezzotti as saying that they may also be cheaper than cell cultures--the current standard for antibody medicines
Researchers identify a process that regulates seed germination
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 2 days (news.uns.purdue.edu)
Purdue University researchers have determined a process that regulates activity of genes that control seed germination and seedling development.
Mike Hasegawa, the Bruno C. Moser Distinguished Professor of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, and Kenji Miura, a former Purdue postdoctoral researcher and now an assistant professor at Tsukuba University in Japan, discovered the step involved in keeping seeds from germinating in adverse conditions such as freezing temperatures or drought, a factor in the survival of plant species.
Gene to reduce wheat yield losses
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 3 weeks (www.eurekalert.org)
A new gene that provides resistance to a fungal disease responsible for millions of hectares of lost wheat yield has been discovered by scientists from the U.S. and Israel.
"This is the first step to achieving more durable resistance to a devastating disease in wheat," said Dr Cristobal Uauy, co-author of the report, recently appointed to the John Innes Centre in Norwich.
Resistance to stripe rust has previously been achieved using genes that are specific to single races of the disease
Psychoactive compound activates mysterious receptor
piggy submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.eurekalert.org)
A hallucinogenic compound found in a plant indigenous to South America and used in shamanic rituals regulates a mysterious protein that is abundant throughout the body, University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers have discovered.
The finding, reported in the Feb. 13 issue of Science, may ultimately have implications for treating drug abuse and/or depression. Many more experiments will be needed, the researchers say.
Scientists have been searching for years for naturally occurring compounds that trigger activity in the protein, the sigma-1 receptor
Scientists Discover How Key Plant Hormone Is Triggered
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.sciencedaily.com)
Best known for its effects on fruit ripening and flower fading, the gaseous plant hormone ethylene shortens the shelf life of many fruits and plants by putting their physiology on fast-forward. In recent years, scientists learned a lot about the different components that transmit ethylene signals inside cells. But a central regulator of ethylene responses, a protein known as EIN2, resisted all their efforts.
Short RNAs protect chemical memory of genes
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 year 1 month (www.nature.com)
Short RNA molecules preserve chemical changes to the DNA that regulates plant genes — allowing epigenetic changes to be maintained across generations, researchers have found.
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