Enzyme Discovery May Lead to Better Heart and Stroke Treatments
piggy submitted, created time 21 hours 14 minutes (www.sciencedaily.com)
A Queen's University study sheds new light on the way one of our cell enzymes, implicated in causing tissue damage after heart attacks and strokes, is normally kept under control.
Led by Biochemistry professor Peter Davies, the research team's discovery will be useful in developing new drug treatments that can aid recovery in stroke and heart disease, as well as lessen the effects of Alzheimer's and other neurologically degenerative diseases 
New Bacteria Discovered in Raw Milk
piggy submitted, created time 21 hours 15 minutes (www.sciencedaily.com)
Raw milk is illegal in many countries as it can be contaminated with potentially harmful microbes. Contamination can also spoil the milk, making it taste bitter and turn thick and sticky. Now scientists have discovered new species of bacteria that can grow at low temperatures, spoiling raw milk even when it is refrigerated.
According to research, the microbial population of raw milk is much more complex than previously thought
Rhesus protein stops blood from becoming acidic
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 day 1 hour (www.nature.com)
A protein similar to the Rhesus factor antigens that are used to determine the safety of blood transfusions removes acid from the blood and could have a role in regulating pH elsewhere in the body, too
Stem Cells Spawn First Drug-Free Windpipe Transplant
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 day 1 hour (www.bloomberg.com)
Doctors operating on a 30-year-old Colombian woman restored her ability to breathe freely with the world's first transplanted windpipe specially treated to prevent organ rejection.
The airway connecting Claudia Castillo Sanchez's left lung to her windpipe collapsed after a persistent tuberculosis infection, leaving her short of breath and unable to perform routine daily activities. Efforts to prop it open failed, leaving Spanish doctors two options: remove the lung or replace the airway using an experimental technique tried only in animals
Tissue engineering triumph: Doctors transplant a trachea made from the patient's own stem cells
Darkfrog submitted, created time 1 day 21 hours (www.lancet.com)
The medical journal Lancet has just announced that doctors have performed the first successful trachea transplant using a trachea crafted from the patient's own stem cells. The New York Times is hailing this as a revolutionary step in regenerative medicine. The surgery took place in Barcelona this past June. Researchers from universities in Spain, Britain and Italy collaborated on the preparation. The patient's original trachea--actually one of her bronchi--had been damaged by severe tuberculosis.
Prof
Brain–machine interfaces: Back in control
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 day 22 hours (www.nature.com)
Spinal cord injury disrupts the pathway between brain and muscle, causing paralysis. One potential strategy for treatment is to use a brain–machine interface to route control signals from the brain directly to the muscles, bypassing the site of injury. For the first time, Moritz and colleagues have shown that an artificial device can compensate for paralysis in monkeys
Neurodegenerative disease: Giving survival a boost
sea-maid submitted, created time 1 day 23 hours (www.nature.com)
Although it is the selective death of motor neurons that ultimately causes the symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the disease also renders other spinal cord cells, including astrocytes, dysfunctional. Maragakis and colleagues have now shown that the replacement of damaged astrocytes through precursor cell transplantation might be a useful therapeutic strategy for ALS.
The authors transplanted glial restricted precursors (GRPs) into the grey matter of the spinal cord in a transgenic rat model of ALS
Ginkgo Biloba Does Not Reduce Dementia Risk, Study Shows
piggy submitted, created time 2 days 1 minute (www.sciencedaily.com)
The medicinal herb Ginkgo biloba does not reduce the risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease development in either the healthy elderly or those with mild cognitive impairment, according to a large multicenter trial led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
Findings from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study, which is the first to have the necessary participant numbers and monitoring years to enable measurement of G. biloba's effectiveness and safety profile in dementia prevention, were just published in the Journal of the American Medical Association
Broccoli May Lower Lung Cancer Risk in Smokers
piggy submitted, created time 2 days 2 minutes (www.sciencedaily.com)
The cancer preventive properties of broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables appear to work specifically in smokers, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research's Seventh Annual International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research.
Cruciferous vegetables have been shown to be protective in numerous studies, but this is the first comprehensive study that showed a protective benefit in smokers, specifically in former smokers, according to lead author Li Tang, Ph.D., a post-doctoral fellow at Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Tumor Secrets Written in Blood
piggy submitted, created time 2 days 20 hours (sciencenow.sciencemag.org)
Doctors may soon be able to use blood tests rather than invasive biopsies to figure out what type of brain tumors their patients have. The findings, which come thanks to new insights about how tumor cells communicate with their environment, may also bring physicians closer to the goal of more personalized medicine.
Cells are chatty, constantly exchanging proteins or electrical signals with their neighbors. For example, tumor cells can signal nearby blood vessels to grow in their direction, thereby facilitating tumor growth
Newborn Neurons in Adult Brain Can Settle in the Wrong Neighborhood
piggy submitted, created time 2 days 20 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
In a study that could have significant consequences for neural tissue transplantation strategies, researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies report that inactivating a specific gene in adult neural stem cells makes nerve cells emerging from those precursors form connections in the wrong part of the adult brain.
Researchers, led by Fred H. Gage, Ph.D
Calcium May Only Protect Against Colorectal Cancer in Presence of Magnesium
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 days 21 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
High magnesium intake has been associated with low risk of colorectal cancer. Americans have similar average magnesium intake as East Asian populations. If that were all that were involved, observers might expect both groups to have similar risk for colorectal cancer
Sharp-witted elderly shed insight on dementia
sea-maid submitted, created time 2 days 21 hours (www.msnbc.msn.com)
People who manage to keep a razor-sharp memory well into their 80s appear to have fewer fiber-like tangles of a protein linked with Alzheimer's than those who age normally, U.S. researchers said on Sunday.
Men who take aspirin have significantly lower PSA levels
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 days 20 hours (www.genengnews.com)
The use of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is significantly associated with lower PSA levels, especially among men with prostate cancer, say researchers at Vanderbilt University.
Stem Cells with Potential to Regenerate Injured Liver Tissue Identified
sea-maid submitted, created time 3 days 20 hours (www.sciencedaily.com)
A novel protein marker has been found that identifies rare adult liver stem cells, whose ability to regenerate injured liver tissue has the potential for cell-replacement therapy. For the first time, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine led by Linda Greenbaum, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology, have demonstrated that cells expressing the marker can differentiate into both liver cells and cells that line the bile duct.
This discovery could have serious implication for transplants and regenerative medicine
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